{
  "license": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "attribution": "Data: Data Center Record, datacenterrecord.org, CC BY-NC 4.0. Link to the specific record page where possible.",
  "source": "https://datacenterrecord.org/grid/mrow",
  "retrieved_at": "2026-10-30T08:26:43.998Z",
  "count": 76,
  "projects": [
    {
      "slug": "cleanspark-rapid-city-data-center-sd",
      "name": "CleanSpark Rapid City Data Center Proposal",
      "summary": "CleanSpark subsidiary CSRE Properties South Dakota LLC executed an electric service agreement with Black Hills Power filed at the South Dakota Public Utilities Commission in April 2026 for a proposed data center in Rapid City, Pennington County, South Dakota.",
      "state": "SD",
      "city": "Rapid City",
      "county": "Pennington County",
      "status": "proposed",
      "developer": "CleanSpark Inc.",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 44.0805,
      "longitude": -103.231,
      "location_precision": "city",
      "location_source": "South Dakota Public Utilities Commission docket EL26-011 and Rapid City Gazetteer point",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": null,
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-10-02",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-28",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": "https://www.cleanspark.com/",
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "agreement_signed",
      "interconnection_source_url": "https://puc.sd.gov/Dockets/Electric/2026/EL26-011.aspx",
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/cleanspark-rapid-city-data-center-sd",
      "source": "https://rapidcitypost.com/confidential-energy-deal-proposed-for-rapid-city-data-center/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Confidential Energy Deal Proposed For Rapid City Data Center - The Rapid City Post",
          "url": "https://rapidcitypost.com/confidential-energy-deal-proposed-for-rapid-city-data-center/",
          "publisher": "The Rapid City Post",
          "date": "2026-04-13",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "South Dakota Public Utilities Commission Docket EL26-011 (Black Hills Power / CleanSpark ESA)",
          "url": "https://puc.sd.gov/Dockets/Electric/2026/EL26-011.aspx",
          "publisher": "South Dakota Public Utilities Commission",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-04-13",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Black Hills Power filed an electric service agreement with CleanSpark subsidiary CSRE Properties South Dakota LLC at the South Dakota Public Utilities Commission in Docket EL26-011 for a proposed data center in Rapid City.",
          "source_url": "https://puc.sd.gov/Dockets/Electric/2026/EL26-011.aspx",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "south-dakota-network-dba-sdn-communications-sdn-communications-campus-sioux-falls-south-dakota-sioux-falls-sd",
      "name": "SDN Communications Sioux Falls Data Center Campus",
      "summary": "SDN Communications operates a regional fiber interconnection and colocation data center campus at 2900 West 10th Street in Sioux Falls, Minnehaha County, South Dakota.",
      "state": "SD",
      "city": "Sioux Falls",
      "county": "Minnehaha County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "SDN Communications",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 43.546529,
      "longitude": -96.764101,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "SDN Communications Sioux Falls facility directory and Minnehaha County property record",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": null,
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "2900 W 10th Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57104",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.peeringdb.com/fac/2835",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-28",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": "https://www.sdncommunications.com/",
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/south-dakota-network-dba-sdn-communications-sdn-communications-campus-sioux-falls-south-dakota-sioux-falls-sd",
      "source": "https://www.sdncommunications.com/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "SDN Communications Sioux Falls Data Center Campus Overview",
          "url": "https://www.sdncommunications.com/",
          "publisher": "SDN Communications",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 3
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-28",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "SDN Communications operates its regional fiber interconnection and colocation data center campus at 2900 West 10th Street in Sioux Falls, South Dakota.",
          "source_url": "https://www.sdncommunications.com/",
          "source_tier": 3
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "amazon-data-services-becker-data-center-mn",
      "name": "Amazon Web Services Becker Data Center Campus",
      "summary": "Amazon Data Services received Minnesota Public Utilities Commission and MPCA approvals for a hyperscale data center campus near the Sherburne County Generating Station in Becker, Sherburne County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Becker",
      "county": "Sherburne County",
      "status": "approved",
      "developer": "Amazon Web Services",
      "capacity_mw": 250,
      "latitude": 45.3885,
      "longitude": -93.8762,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.pca.state.mn.us/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "MPCA and MPUC emergency generator permit docket",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "13999 Sherburne Avenue, Becker, MN 55308",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.pca.state.mn.us/",
      "published": "2026-10-04",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 4,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.pca.state.mn.us/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/amazon-data-services-becker-data-center-mn",
      "source": "https://www.startribune.com/amazon-data-center-xcel-sherco-becker-minnesota/601180310",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Amazon Data Services buys site slated for data center near Sherco in Becker - Star Tribune",
          "url": "https://www.startribune.com/amazon-data-center-xcel-sherco-becker-minnesota/601180310",
          "publisher": "Star Tribune",
          "date": "2024-11-13",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2024-11-13",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Amazon Data Services acquired a site near the Sherco power plant in Becker County, Minnesota for data center development.",
          "source_url": "https://www.pca.state.mn.us/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "apple-waukee-data-center-ia",
      "name": "Apple Waukee Data Center Campus",
      "summary": "Apple is constructing its $1.3 billion hyperscale data center campus on a 2,000 acre site in Waukee, Dallas County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Waukee",
      "county": "Dallas County",
      "status": "under_construction",
      "developer": "Apple",
      "capacity_mw": 100,
      "latitude": 41.6285,
      "longitude": -93.9042,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "IEDA Board approval and City of Waukee development agreement",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "Grand Prairie Parkway and Hickman Road, Waukee, IA 50263",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 2,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/apple-waukee-data-center-ia",
      "source": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Apple Waukee Data Center Campus Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
          "publisher": "Apple",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Apple Environmental Progress Report 2026 (Covering fiscal year 2025, Pages 52–54 & 81)",
          "url": "https://www.apple.com/environment/pdf/Apple_Environmental_Progress_Report_2026.pdf",
          "publisher": "Apple Environmental Progress Report 2026",
          "date": "2026-04-01",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Iowa state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "ark-data-centers-ark-data-centers-duluth-mn-duluth-mn",
      "name": "Ark Data Centers Duluth Data Center",
      "summary": "Ark Data Centers operates a commercial colocation data center at 3401 Technology Drive in Duluth, St. Louis County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Duluth",
      "county": "St. Louis County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Ark Data Centers",
      "capacity_mw": 3,
      "latitude": 46.827451,
      "longitude": -92.130338,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://arkdatacenters.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "Ark Data Centers Duluth specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "3401 Technology Drive, Duluth, MN 55811",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://arkdatacenters.com/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://arkdatacenters.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/ark-data-centers-ark-data-centers-duluth-mn-duluth-mn",
      "source": "https://arkdatacenters.com/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Ark Data Centers Duluth Data Center Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://arkdatacenters.com/",
          "publisher": "Ark Data Centers",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Minnesota state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://arkdatacenters.com/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "atomic-data-llc-atomic-data-msp250-minneapolis-mn",
      "name": "Atomic Data Minneapolis Data Center (MSP250)",
      "summary": "Atomic Data operates the MSP250 commercial colocation data center at 250 Marquette Avenue in downtown Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Minneapolis",
      "county": "Hennepin County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Atomic Data",
      "capacity_mw": 4,
      "latitude": 44.980944,
      "longitude": -93.267514,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.atomicdata.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "Atomic Data MSP250 specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "250 Marquette Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55401",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.atomicdata.com/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.atomicdata.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/atomic-data-llc-atomic-data-msp250-minneapolis-mn",
      "source": "https://www.atomicdata.com/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Atomic Data Minneapolis Data Center (MSP250) Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://www.atomicdata.com/",
          "publisher": "Atomic Data",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Minnesota state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://www.atomicdata.com/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "aureon-network-services-aureon-west-des-moines-west-des-moines-ia",
      "name": "Aureon West Des Moines Data Center",
      "summary": "Aureon Network Services operates a commercial fiber interconnection and colocation data center at 1661 Westown Parkway in West Des Moines, Polk County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "West Des Moines",
      "county": "Polk County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Aureon Network Services",
      "capacity_mw": 4,
      "latitude": 41.5945,
      "longitude": -93.7285,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.aureon.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "Aureon West Des Moines specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "1661 Westown Parkway, West Des Moines, IA 50266",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.aureon.com/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.aureon.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/aureon-network-services-aureon-west-des-moines-west-des-moines-ia",
      "source": "https://www.aureon.com/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Aureon West Des Moines Data Center Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://www.aureon.com/",
          "publisher": "Aureon Network Services",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Iowa state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://www.aureon.com/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "bluebird-fiber-bluebird-quad-cities-data-center-bettendorf-ia",
      "name": "Bluebird Network Quad Cities Data Center (Bettendorf)",
      "summary": "Bluebird Network operates its Quad Cities commercial colocation data center at 2701 Devils Glen Road in Bettendorf, Scott County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Bettendorf",
      "county": "Scott County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Bluebird Network",
      "capacity_mw": 4,
      "latitude": 41.5485,
      "longitude": -90.4862,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://bluebirdnetwork.com/data-center/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "Bluebird Quad Cities Bettendorf specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "2701 Devils Glen Road, Bettendorf, IA 52722",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://bluebirdnetwork.com/data-center/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://bluebirdnetwork.com/data-center/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/bluebird-fiber-bluebird-quad-cities-data-center-bettendorf-ia",
      "source": "https://bluebirdnetwork.com/data-center/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Bluebird Network Quad Cities Data Center (Bettendorf) Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://bluebirdnetwork.com/data-center/",
          "publisher": "Bluebird Network",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Iowa state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://bluebirdnetwork.com/data-center/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "cedar-rapids-third-data-center-southwest-side-ia",
      "name": "Oppidan Connect Cedar Rapids Data Center (CLOP Cedar Rapids)",
      "summary": "The Cedar Rapids City Council approved a development agreement with CLOP Cedar Rapids IA LLC and Oppidan for a third data center campus in southwest Cedar Rapids, Linn County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Cedar Rapids",
      "county": "Linn County",
      "status": "approved",
      "developer": "Oppidan Investment Company",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 41.9045,
      "longitude": -91.6625,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.cedar-rapids.org/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "City of Cedar Rapids development agreement parcel",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": "76th Avenue SW and Kirkwood Parkway SW, Cedar Rapids, IA 52404",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.cedar-rapids.org/",
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": "https://cbs2iowa.com/news/local/third-data-center-project-revealed-in-cedar-rapids-as-city-officials-try-to-ease-concerns",
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 2,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.cedar-rapids.org/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/cedar-rapids-third-data-center-southwest-side-ia",
      "source": "https://www.kcrg.com/2026/07/08/cedar-rapids-confirms-third-data-center-planned-southwest-side/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Cedar Rapids confirms third data center planned for southwest side - KCRG",
          "url": "https://www.kcrg.com/2026/07/08/cedar-rapids-confirms-third-data-center-planned-southwest-side/",
          "publisher": "KCRG",
          "date": "2026-07-08",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Third data center project revealed in Cedar Rapids as City Officials try to ease concerns",
          "url": "https://cbs2iowa.com/news/local/third-data-center-project-revealed-in-cedar-rapids-as-city-officials-try-to-ease-concerns",
          "publisher": "cbs2iowa.com",
          "date": "2026-07-09",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Cedar Rapids mayor explains financial benefits of data center projects - KCRG",
          "url": "https://www.kcrg.com/2026/07/25/cedar-rapids-mayor-explains-financial-benefits-data-center-projects/",
          "publisher": "KCRG",
          "date": "2026-07-24",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "State and County investigating potentially illegal wells near data center construction site - KCRG",
          "url": "https://www.kcrg.com/2025/07/22/state-county-investigating-potentially-illegal-wells-near-data-center-construction-site/",
          "publisher": "KCRG",
          "date": "2025-07-21",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "approved",
          "effective_at": "2026-07-09",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-07-09",
          "summary": "The newly approved facility would be about the size of half a Target Supercenter; facility location at 1515 33rd Ave. SW",
          "source_url": "https://cbs2iowa.com/news/local/third-data-center-project-revealed-in-cedar-rapids-as-city-officials-try-to-ease-concerns",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "approved",
          "effective_at": "2026-07-09",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-07-09",
          "summary": "This area has been zoned for industrial use since early 2000s",
          "source_url": "https://cbs2iowa.com/news/local/third-data-center-project-revealed-in-cedar-rapids-as-city-officials-try-to-ease-concerns",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-07-08",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Cedar Rapids confirmed a third data center is planned for the southwest side of the city.",
          "source_url": "https://www.cedar-rapids.org/",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "approved",
          "effective_at": "2025-07-21",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2025-07-21",
          "summary": "State and county investigating potentially illegal wells near data center construction site",
          "source_url": "https://www.kcrg.com/2025/07/22/state-county-investigating-potentially-illegal-wells-near-data-center-construction-site/",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "centersquare-minneapolis-data-center-mn",
      "name": "Centersquare Minneapolis Shakopee Data Center (MSP1)",
      "summary": "Centersquare operates the MSP1 commercial colocation data center at 4450 Dean Lakes Boulevard in Shakopee, Scott County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Shakopee",
      "county": "Scott County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Centersquare",
      "capacity_mw": 12,
      "latitude": 44.778828,
      "longitude": -93.461982,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.centersquaredc.com/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-14",
      "coordinate_source": "Centersquare MSP1 Shakopee specification",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-14",
      "site_address": "4450 Dean Lakes Boulevard, Shakopee, MN 55379",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.centersquaredc.com/",
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.centersquaredc.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/centersquare-minneapolis-data-center-mn",
      "source": "https://www.csquare.com/data-centers",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Centersquare: Data center markets",
          "url": "https://www.csquare.com/data-centers",
          "publisher": "Centersquare",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "Centersquare lists Centersquare Minneapolis data center at Minneapolis, Minnesota on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://www.csquare.com/data-centers",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "cloudhq-chaska-data-center-mn",
      "name": "CloudHQ Chaska Data Center Campus (MSP Campus)",
      "summary": "CloudHQ is constructing a 3 building, 180 MW hyperscale data center campus in the Southwest Chaska industrial corridor in Chaska, Carver County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Chaska",
      "county": "Carver County",
      "status": "under_construction",
      "developer": "CloudHQ",
      "capacity_mw": 180,
      "latitude": 44.8124,
      "longitude": -93.6345,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.cloudhq.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "City of Chaska EAW and CloudHQ MSP Campus specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "US Highway 212 and Engler Boulevard, Chaska, MN 55318",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.cloudhq.com/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 3,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.cloudhq.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/cloudhq-chaska-data-center-mn",
      "source": "https://www.govtech.com/products/minnesota-data-center-debate-turns-to-water-consumption",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Minnesota Data Center Debate Turns to Water Consumption - GovTech",
          "url": "https://www.govtech.com/products/minnesota-data-center-debate-turns-to-water-consumption",
          "publisher": "GovTech",
          "date": "2025-04-11",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2025-04-11",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "CloudHQ plans a data center in Chaska with estimated water usage of about 1.5 million gallons per day at peak use.",
          "source_url": "https://www.govtech.com/products/minnesota-data-center-debate-turns-to-water-consumption",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "cologix-des-moines-ia",
      "name": "Cologix Des Moines Carrier Hotel (DSM1)",
      "summary": "Cologix operates the DSM1 interconnection and colocation data center at 666 Walnut Street in downtown Des Moines, Polk County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Des Moines",
      "county": "Polk County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Cologix",
      "capacity_mw": 5,
      "latitude": 41.5862,
      "longitude": -93.6258,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.cologix.com/data-centers/des-moines/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-04",
      "coordinate_source": "Cologix DSM1 Financial Center specification",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-04",
      "site_address": "666 Walnut Street, Des Moines, IA 50309",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.cologix.com/data-centers/des-moines/",
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.cologix.com/data-centers/des-moines/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/cologix-des-moines-ia",
      "source": "https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/opinion/editorials/2026/09/20/rob-sand-zach-lahn-local-control-data-centers-iowa/91800958007/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Local control is best, even with data centers in Iowa | Opinion - The Des Moines Register",
          "url": "https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/opinion/editorials/2026/09/20/rob-sand-zach-lahn-local-control-data-centers-iowa/91800958007/",
          "publisher": "The Des Moines Register",
          "date": "2026-09-20",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Cologix: Data centers",
          "url": "https://www.cologix.com/data-centers/",
          "publisher": "Cologix",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "EPA ECHO detailed facility report: Cologix, INC",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110067248277",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "The face of the AI boom in Des Moines wears a hard hat I Exclusive - The Des Moines Register",
          "url": "https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/money/business/2026/09/01/data-center-des-moines-jobs-boom/90906710007/",
          "publisher": "The Des Moines Register",
          "date": "2026-09-01",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Cologix enters Iowa, buys two data centers in Des Moines - Data Center Dynamics",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/cologix-enters-iowa-buys-two-data-centers-in-des-moines/",
          "publisher": "Data Center Dynamics",
          "date": "2024-06-06",
          "source_tier": 3
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-20",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-20",
          "summary": "Microsoft data center in West Des Moines opened in 2012",
          "source_url": "https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/opinion/editorials/2026/09/20/rob-sand-zach-lahn-local-control-data-centers-iowa/91800958007/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "Cologix lists Cologix DSM1, Cologix DSM2 at Des Moines, Iowa on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://www.cologix.com/data-centers/",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-01",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-01",
          "summary": "An AI boom figure in Des Moines is featured wearing a hard hat",
          "source_url": "https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/money/business/2026/09/01/data-center-des-moines-jobs-boom/90906710007/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2024-06-06",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2024-06-06",
          "summary": "Cologix acquired two data centers in Des Moines",
          "source_url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/cologix-enters-iowa-buys-two-data-centers-in-des-moines/",
          "source_tier": 3
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "cologix-minneapolis-mn",
      "name": "Cologix Minneapolis Carrier Hotel Campus (MIN1 to MIN3)",
      "summary": "Cologix operates the MIN1, MIN2, and MIN3 interconnection and colocation suites inside the 511 Building carrier hotel at 511 11th Avenue South in Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Minneapolis",
      "county": "Hennepin County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Cologix",
      "capacity_mw": 15,
      "latitude": 44.971408,
      "longitude": -93.25458,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.cologix.com/data-centers/minneapolis/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-14",
      "coordinate_source": "Cologix 511 Building Minneapolis specification",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-14",
      "site_address": "511 11th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55415",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.cologix.com/data-centers/minneapolis/",
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.cologix.com/data-centers/minneapolis/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/cologix-minneapolis-mn",
      "source": "https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/next-gen-data-centers/cologix-opens-third-minneapolis-data-center",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Cologix Opens Third Minneapolis Data Center - DataCenterKnowledge",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/next-gen-data-centers/cologix-opens-third-minneapolis-data-center",
          "publisher": "DataCenterKnowledge",
          "date": "2015-03-05",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Cologix Expands In Minnesota's Most Connected Building - DataCenterKnowledge",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/next-gen-data-centers/cologix-expands-in-minnesota-s-most-connected-building",
          "publisher": "DataCenterKnowledge",
          "date": "2024-05-31",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Cologix: Data centers",
          "url": "https://www.cologix.com/data-centers/",
          "publisher": "Cologix",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "Cologix opens doors to third data center in Minneapolis - Data Center Dynamics",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/cologix-opens-doors-to-third-data-center-in-minneapolis/",
          "publisher": "Data Center Dynamics",
          "date": "2015-03-04",
          "source_tier": 3
        },
        {
          "title": "Cologix Acquires vXchnge Data Center in Midwest Interconnection Hub - Data Center Knowledge",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/networking/cologix-acquires-vxchnge-data-center-in-midwest-interconnection-hub",
          "publisher": "Data Center Knowledge",
          "date": "2024-06-01",
          "source_tier": 3
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "Cologix lists Cologix MIN1, Cologix MIN2, Cologix MIN3, Cologix MIN4, Cologix MIN5, Cologix NNJ2, Cologix NNJ3, Cologix NNJ4, Cologix SV1 at Minneapolis, Minnesota on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://www.cologix.com/data-centers/",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2024-06-01",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2024-06-01",
          "summary": "Cologix acquired a data center from vXchnge in Minneapolis",
          "source_url": "https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/networking/cologix-acquires-vxchnge-data-center-in-midwest-interconnection-hub",
          "source_tier": 3
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2015-03-04",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2015-03-04",
          "summary": "Cologix opened its third data center in Minneapolis",
          "source_url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/cologix-opens-doors-to-third-data-center-in-minneapolis/",
          "source_tier": 3
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "cyrusone-council-bluffs-ocb1-ia",
      "name": "CyrusOne Council Bluffs Data Center (OCB1)",
      "summary": "CyrusOne operates the OCB1 commercial colocation data center campus at 4700 Gifford Road in Council Bluffs, Pottawattamie County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Council Bluffs",
      "county": "Pottawattamie County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "CyrusOne",
      "capacity_mw": 30,
      "latitude": 41.2135,
      "longitude": -95.8492,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.cyrusone.com/locations/iowa/council-bluffs/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-04",
      "coordinate_source": "CyrusOne OCB1 specification",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-04",
      "site_address": "4700 Gifford Road, Council Bluffs, IA 51501",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.cyrusone.com/locations/iowa/council-bluffs/",
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 2,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.cyrusone.com/locations/iowa/council-bluffs/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/cyrusone-council-bluffs-ocb1-ia",
      "source": "https://www.cyrusone.com/data-centers",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "CyrusOne: Data centers",
          "url": "https://www.cyrusone.com/data-centers",
          "publisher": "CyrusOne",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "EPA ECHO detailed facility report: Cyrusone LLC",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110070824275",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "CyrusOne: CyrusOne Council Bluffs OCB1",
          "url": "https://www.cyrusone.com/data-centers/north-america/council-bluffs-ia",
          "publisher": "CyrusOne",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "QTS to build temporary power plant near Eastern Iowa Airport - thegazette.com",
          "url": "https://www.thegazette.com/news/local/qts-to-build-temporary-power-plant-near-eastern-iowa-airport/article_ce54ef35-0515-4036-988f-6f83f1caf000.html",
          "publisher": "thegazette.com",
          "date": "2026-05-29",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "CyrusOne lists CyrusOne Council Bluffs OCB1 at Council Bluffs, Iowa on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://www.cyrusone.com/data-centers/north-america/council-bluffs-ia",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-05-29",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-05-29",
          "summary": "QTS planning temporary natural gas powered plant roughly 2 miles from Eastern Iowa Airport",
          "source_url": "https://www.thegazette.com/news/local/qts-to-build-temporary-power-plant-near-eastern-iowa-airport/article_ce54ef35-0515-4036-988f-6f83f1caf000.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-05-29",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-05-29",
          "summary": "Temporary power plant consists of modular, self contained units to be used only during construction",
          "source_url": "https://www.thegazette.com/news/local/qts-to-build-temporary-power-plant-near-eastern-iowa-airport/article_ce54ef35-0515-4036-988f-6f83f1caf000.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-05-29",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-05-29",
          "summary": "QTS does not yet have permit for temporary power plant",
          "source_url": "https://www.thegazette.com/news/local/qts-to-build-temporary-power-plant-near-eastern-iowa-airport/article_ce54ef35-0515-4036-988f-6f83f1caf000.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-05-29",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-05-29",
          "summary": "QTS submitted plans to City of Cedar Rapids for temporary power plant",
          "source_url": "https://www.thegazette.com/news/local/qts-to-build-temporary-power-plant-near-eastern-iowa-airport/article_ce54ef35-0515-4036-988f-6f83f1caf000.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "databank-brooklyn-park-data-center-mn",
      "name": "DataBank Brooklyn Park Data Center (MSP3 North Metro)",
      "summary": "DataBank operates the MSP3 North Metro colocation data center campus at 8111 Oxbow Creek North in Brooklyn Park, Hennepin County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Brooklyn Park",
      "county": "Hennepin County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "DataBank",
      "capacity_mw": 30,
      "latitude": 45.143622,
      "longitude": -93.3858,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.databank.com/data-centers/minneapolis/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-06",
      "coordinate_source": "DataBank MSP3 Brooklyn Park specification",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-06",
      "site_address": "8111 Oxbow Creek North, Brooklyn Park, MN 55445",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.databank.com/data-centers/minneapolis/",
      "published": "2026-09-28",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 2,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.databank.com/data-centers/minneapolis/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/databank-brooklyn-park-data-center-mn",
      "source": "https://www.bizjournals.com/twincities/news/2020/11/20/databank-plans-third.html",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "DataBank breaks ground on 86,000-square-foot data center in Brooklyn Park, its third in Minnesota - The Business Journals",
          "url": "https://www.bizjournals.com/twincities/news/2020/11/20/databank-plans-third.html",
          "publisher": "The Business Journals",
          "date": "2020-11-20",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "EPA ECHO detailed facility report: Databank MSP3",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110070945564",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2020-11-20",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "DataBank broke ground on an 86,000 square foot data center in Brooklyn Park, Minnesota, its third facility in the state.",
          "source_url": "https://www.bizjournals.com/twincities/news/2020/11/20/databank-plans-third.html",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "databank-eagan-data-center-mn",
      "name": "DataBank Eagan Data Center (MSP2)",
      "summary": "DataBank operates the MSP2 commercial colocation data center at 3255 Neil Armstrong Boulevard in Eagan, Dakota County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Eagan",
      "county": "Dakota County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "DataBank",
      "capacity_mw": 14,
      "latitude": 44.837518,
      "longitude": -93.145338,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.databank.com/data-centers/minneapolis/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-09",
      "coordinate_source": "DataBank MSP2 Eagan specification",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-09",
      "site_address": "3255 Neil Armstrong Boulevard, Eagan, MN 55121",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.databank.com/data-centers/minneapolis/",
      "published": "2026-09-28",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": "https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/databank-acquires-building-housing-msp2-data-center-in-minneapolis-302895408.html",
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.databank.com/data-centers/minneapolis/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/databank-eagan-data-center-mn",
      "source": "https://www.twincities.com/2014/06/25/databank-plans-eagan-site-with-50-million-upgrade/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "DataBank plans Eagan site, with $50 million upgrade - Pioneer Press",
          "url": "https://www.twincities.com/2014/06/25/databank-plans-eagan-site-with-50-million-upgrade/",
          "publisher": "Pioneer Press",
          "date": "2014-06-25",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "DataBank Acquires Building Housing MSP2 Data Center in Minneapolis",
          "url": "https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/databank-acquires-building-housing-msp2-data-center-in-minneapolis-302895408.html",
          "publisher": "PR Newswire",
          "date": "2026-10-01",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-19",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "DataBank purchased its Eagan MSP2 data center for $9.8 million from Mapletree Industrial Trust, advancing its strategy to own real estate behind its facilities.",
          "source_url": "https://finance-commerce.com/2026/10/databank-eagan-msp2-data-center-purchase/",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-01",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-10-01",
          "summary": "DataBank acquired the building that houses its MSP2 data center at 3255 Neil Armstrong Boulevard in Eagan, Minnesota, which it had leased. The release describes MSP2 as a carrier hotel serving the Minneapolis market whose clients rely on its services, so the data center was running before the purchase.",
          "source_url": "https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/databank-acquires-building-housing-msp2-data-center-in-minneapolis-302895408.html",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2014-06-25",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "DataBank planned to retrofit the former 88,000 square foot Taystee Foods building at 3255 Neil Armstrong Boulevard in Eagan into a data center at a cost of approximately $48 to $49 million.",
          "source_url": "https://www.twincities.com/2014/06/25/databank-plans-eagan-site-with-50-million-upgrade/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "databank-minneapolis-data-center-mn",
      "name": "DataBank Twin Cities Edina Data Center (MSP1)",
      "summary": "DataBank operates the MSP1 commercial colocation data center at 7700 France Avenue South in the Minneapolis metro area, Hennepin County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Minneapolis",
      "county": "Hennepin County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "DataBank",
      "capacity_mw": 15,
      "latitude": 44.862766,
      "longitude": -93.330405,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.databank.com/data-centers/minneapolis/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-14",
      "coordinate_source": "DataBank MSP1 France Avenue specification",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-14",
      "site_address": "7700 France Avenue South, Edina, MN 55435",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.databank.com/data-centers/minneapolis/",
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.databank.com/data-centers/minneapolis/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/databank-minneapolis-data-center-mn",
      "source": "https://www.databank.com/data-centers/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "DataBank: Data centers",
          "url": "https://www.databank.com/data-centers/",
          "publisher": "DataBank",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "DataBank Acquires Building Housing MSP2 Data Center in Minneapolis - PR Newswire",
          "url": "https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/databank-acquires-building-housing-msp2-data-center-in-minneapolis-302895408.html",
          "publisher": "PR Newswire",
          "date": "2026-10-01",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "DataBank to expand MSP3 data center in Minneapolis, Minnesota - Data Center Dynamics",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/databank-to-expand-msp3-data-center-in-minneapolis-minnesota/",
          "publisher": "Data Center Dynamics",
          "date": "2023-11-02",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "DataBank Plans 20MW Data Center in Minneapolis Market - Data Center Knowledge",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/networking/databank-plans-20mw-data-center-in-minneapolis-market",
          "publisher": "Data Center Knowledge",
          "date": "2014-06-23",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-01",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-10-01",
          "summary": "DataBank acquired the building housing MSP2 data center at 3255 Neil Armstrong Boulevard in Eagan Minnesota",
          "source_url": "https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/databank-acquires-building-housing-msp2-data-center-in-minneapolis-302895408.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "DataBank lists DataBank Minneapolis data center at Minneapolis, Minnesota on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://www.databank.com/data-centers/",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "dci-technology-minneapolis-llc-tritech-center-minneapolis-mn",
      "name": "TriTech Center Carrier Hotel Minneapolis",
      "summary": "DCI Technology operates the TriTech Center carrier hotel and colocation facility at 331 2nd Avenue South in downtown Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Minneapolis",
      "county": "Hennepin County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "DCI Technology",
      "capacity_mw": 4,
      "latitude": 44.97859,
      "longitude": -93.266407,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.minneapolismn.gov/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "TriTech Center Minneapolis specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "331 2nd Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55401",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.minneapolismn.gov/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.minneapolismn.gov/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/dci-technology-minneapolis-llc-tritech-center-minneapolis-mn",
      "source": "https://www.minneapolismn.gov/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "TriTech Center Carrier Hotel Minneapolis Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://www.minneapolismn.gov/",
          "publisher": "DCI Technology",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Minnesota state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://www.minneapolismn.gov/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "edgeconnex-inc-edgeconnex-minneapolis-edcmsp01-eden-prairie-mn",
      "name": "EdgeConneX Minneapolis Data Center (EDCMSP01)",
      "summary": "EdgeConneX operates the EDCMSP01 edge colocation data center at 6875 Shady Oak Road in Eden Prairie, Hennepin County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Eden Prairie",
      "county": "Hennepin County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "EdgeConneX",
      "capacity_mw": 5,
      "latitude": 44.878844,
      "longitude": -93.404156,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.edgeconnex.com/locations/americas/minneapolis-mn/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "EdgeConneX EDCMSP01 specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "6875 Shady Oak Road, Eden Prairie, MN 55344",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.edgeconnex.com/locations/americas/minneapolis-mn/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.edgeconnex.com/locations/americas/minneapolis-mn/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/edgeconnex-inc-edgeconnex-minneapolis-edcmsp01-eden-prairie-mn",
      "source": "https://www.edgeconnex.com/locations/americas/minneapolis-mn/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EdgeConneX Minneapolis Data Center (EDCMSP01) Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://www.edgeconnex.com/locations/americas/minneapolis-mn/",
          "publisher": "EdgeConneX",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Minnesota state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://www.edgeconnex.com/locations/americas/minneapolis-mn/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "edged-project-lola-council-bluffs-ia",
      "name": "Edged Council Bluffs Data Center Campus (Project Lola)",
      "summary": "Edged Energy received Iowa Economic Development Authority and municipal approvals under Project Lola for a 3 building, 200 MW data center campus in Council Bluffs, Pottawattamie County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Council Bluffs",
      "county": "Pottawattamie County",
      "status": "approved",
      "developer": "Edged Energy",
      "capacity_mw": 200,
      "latitude": 41.2112,
      "longitude": -95.8942,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "IEDA Project Lola approval and Council Bluffs parcel",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "South 35th Street and Veterans Memorial Highway, Council Bluffs, IA 51501",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "closed_loop_liquid",
      "cooling_type_source_url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/edged-tops-out-data-center-in-council-bluffs-iowa/",
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 3,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/edged-project-lola-council-bluffs-ia",
      "source": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/edged-tops-out-data-center-in-council-bluffs-iowa/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Edged tops out data center in Council Bluffs, Iowa - Data Center Dynamics",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/edged-tops-out-data-center-in-council-bluffs-iowa/",
          "publisher": "Data Center Dynamics",
          "date": "2026-06-26",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-06-26",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Edged topped out the first building of Project Lola in Council Bluffs, a two building campus totaling approximately 200 MW, with the second building due to top out in September 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/edged-tops-out-data-center-in-council-bluffs-iowa/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "elk-river-data-center-mn",
      "name": "Elk River Technology Park Data Center",
      "summary": "Swervo Development proposed a 2 building, 33 MW data center campus in Elk River, Sherburne County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Elk River",
      "county": "Sherburne County",
      "status": "proposed",
      "developer": "Swervo Development",
      "capacity_mw": 33,
      "latitude": 45.31722,
      "longitude": -93.58111,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.elkrivermn.gov/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "City of Elk River EAW filing parcel",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": "171st Avenue NW and US Highway 10, Elk River, MN 55330",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.elkrivermn.gov/",
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 2,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.elkrivermn.gov/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/elk-river-data-center-mn",
      "source": "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/elk-river-data-center-concerns-brewery/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Elk River brewery owner says future of business depends on whether city approves data center next door - CBS News",
          "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/elk-river-data-center-concerns-brewery/",
          "publisher": "CBS News",
          "date": "2026-06-24",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Elk River rejects changing rules to allow data centers - MPR News",
          "url": "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/07/07/elk-river-rejects-changing-rules-to-allow-data-centers",
          "publisher": "MPR News",
          "date": "2026-07-07",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Proposed data center in Elk River faces opposition from residents - CBS News",
          "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/proposed-data-center-elk-river-concerns/",
          "publisher": "CBS News",
          "date": "2026-06-15",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "cancelled",
          "effective_at": "2026-07-07",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "A proposed data center in Elk River faced resident opposition and was effectively blocked after the city rejected changing zoning rules to allow data centers.",
          "source_url": "https://www.elkrivermn.gov/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "enseva-llc-enseva-cedar-rapids-hiawatha-ia",
      "name": "Enseva Cedar Rapids Data Center (Hiawatha)",
      "summary": "Enseva operates a commercial colocation data center at 755 Metzger Drive in Hiawatha, Linn County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Hiawatha",
      "county": "Linn County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Enseva",
      "capacity_mw": 8,
      "latitude": 42.0468,
      "longitude": -91.6892,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://enseva.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "Enseva Hiawatha specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "755 Metzger Drive, Hiawatha, IA 52233",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://enseva.com/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://enseva.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/enseva-llc-enseva-cedar-rapids-hiawatha-ia",
      "source": "https://enseva.com/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Enseva Cedar Rapids Data Center (Hiawatha) Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://enseva.com/",
          "publisher": "Enseva",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Iowa state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://enseva.com/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "flexential-corp-flexential-minneapolischaska-msp01-chaska-mn",
      "name": "Flexential Minneapolis Chaska Data Center (MSP01)",
      "summary": "Flexential operates the MSP01 commercial colocation data center at 3500 Lyman Boulevard in Chaska, Carver County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Chaska",
      "county": "Carver County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Flexential",
      "capacity_mw": 9,
      "latitude": 44.8442,
      "longitude": -93.5852,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.flexential.com/data-centers/minnesota/minneapolis",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "Flexential MSP01 Chaska specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "3500 Lyman Boulevard, Chaska, MN 55318",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.flexential.com/data-centers/minnesota/minneapolis",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.flexential.com/data-centers/minnesota/minneapolis",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/flexential-corp-flexential-minneapolischaska-msp01-chaska-mn",
      "source": "https://www.flexential.com/data-centers/minnesota/minneapolis",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Flexential Minneapolis Chaska Data Center (MSP01) Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://www.flexential.com/data-centers/minnesota/minneapolis",
          "publisher": "Flexential",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Minnesota state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://www.flexential.com/data-centers/minnesota/minneapolis",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "former-star-tribune-printing-plant-data-center-minneapolis-mn",
      "name": "Former Star Tribune Printing Plant Data Center",
      "summary": "Plans to convert the former Star Tribune Heritage Landing printing plant at 800 North 1st Street in Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minnesota, into a data center were cancelled.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Minneapolis",
      "county": "Hennepin County",
      "status": "cancelled",
      "developer": "North Loop Redevelopment",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 44.98194,
      "longitude": -93.26917,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.minneapolismn.gov/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "City of Minneapolis North Loop parcel",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": "800 North 1st Street, Minneapolis, MN 55401",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.minneapolismn.gov/",
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.minneapolismn.gov/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/former-star-tribune-printing-plant-data-center-minneapolis-mn",
      "source": "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/video/minneapolis-north-loop-residents-express-concerns-over-potential-data-center/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Minneapolis North Loop residents express concerns over potential data center - CBS News",
          "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/video/minneapolis-north-loop-residents-express-concerns-over-potential-data-center/",
          "publisher": "CBS News",
          "date": "2026-08-19",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "North Loop residents question developers over proposed data center at former Star Tribune site - CBS News",
          "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/minneapolis-north-loop-data-center-questions-star-tribune/",
          "publisher": "CBS News",
          "date": "2026-08-19",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Most Minnesotans aren’t sold on data centers, but others say it’s not just AI that uses them - 5 EYEWITNESS NEWS",
          "url": "https://kstp.com/kstp-news/top-news/most-minnesotans-arent-sold-on-data-centers-but-others-say-its-not-just-ai-that-uses-them/",
          "publisher": "5 EYEWITNESS NEWS",
          "date": "2026-09-05",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Data center developer pulls out of Strib plant purchase - finance commerce.com",
          "url": "https://finance-commerce.com/2026/09/legacy-north-loop-data-center-deal/",
          "publisher": "finance-commerce.com",
          "date": "2026-09-11",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Minneapolis data center plan for former Star Tribune site dropped - 5 EYEWITNESS NEWS",
          "url": "https://kstp.com/kstp-news/top-news/minneapolis-data-center-plan-for-former-star-tribune-site-dropped/",
          "publisher": "5 EYEWITNESS NEWS",
          "date": "2026-09-12",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Developer backs out of plan to convert former Star Tribune printing plant into data center - Bring Me The News",
          "url": "https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/developer-backs-plan-convert-former-205205381.html",
          "publisher": "Bring Me The News",
          "date": "2026-09-11",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Data center developer walks away from plans to buy old printing facility in Minneapolis' North Loop - CBS News",
          "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/data-center-developer-scraps-plans-minneapolis/",
          "publisher": "CBS News",
          "date": "2026-09-12",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Developer withdraws proposed North Loop data center in former Star Tribune printing plant - MPR News",
          "url": "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/09/11/developer-legacy-investing-withdraws-proposed-star-tribune-data-center",
          "publisher": "MPR News",
          "date": "2026-09-11",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Residents react to data center developer scrapping plans to buy Minneapolis site - CBS News",
          "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/video/residents-react-to-data-center-developer-scrapping-plans-to-buy-minneapolis-site/",
          "publisher": "CBS News",
          "date": "2026-09-12",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Data center plans canceled in Minneapolis - FOX 9 Minneapolis St. Paul",
          "url": "https://www.fox9.com/video/fmc-2fa75it7q6sk9jw8",
          "publisher": "FOX 9 Minneapolis-St. Paul",
          "date": "2026-09-11",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Data center plans canceled in Minneapolis - fox9.com",
          "url": "https://www.fox9.com/news/developer-scraps-plans-proposed-data-center-star-tribune-site",
          "publisher": "fox9.com",
          "date": "2026-09-11",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "‘What’s in it for us?’ Residents slam data center plans for former Star Tribune printing plant - MPR News",
          "url": "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/08/23/north-loop-residents-slam-star-tribune-plant-data-center-plan",
          "publisher": "MPR News",
          "date": "2026-08-23",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "North Loop residents pack community meeting over data center, and more headlines - CBS News",
          "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/video/north-loop-residents-pack-community-meeting-over-data-center-and-more-headlines/",
          "publisher": "CBS News",
          "date": "2026-08-20",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "cancelled",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-12",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-12",
          "summary": "Legacy Investing terminated purchase agreement for former Star Tribune printing facility",
          "source_url": "https://kstp.com/kstp-news/top-news/minneapolis-data-center-plan-for-former-star-tribune-site-dropped/",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "cancelled",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-12",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-12",
          "summary": "Proposed redevelopment would have converted former printing facility into 20 megawatt data center",
          "source_url": "https://kstp.com/kstp-news/top-news/minneapolis-data-center-plan-for-former-star-tribune-site-dropped/",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "cancelled",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-12",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-12",
          "summary": "Legacy Investing withdrew land use application for proposed data center at former Star Tribune site",
          "source_url": "https://kstp.com/kstp-news/top-news/minneapolis-data-center-plan-for-former-star-tribune-site-dropped/",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "cancelled",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-11",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-11",
          "summary": "Legacy Investing ended purchase agreement for former Star Tribune printing plant",
          "source_url": "https://finance-commerce.com/2026/09/legacy-north-loop-data-center-deal/",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "cancelled",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-11",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-11",
          "summary": "Legacy Investing withdrew from a purchase agreement for a 20 megawatt data center at the former Star Tribune printing facility in the North Loop neighborhood.",
          "source_url": "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/09/11/developer-legacy-investing-withdraws-proposed-star-tribune-data-center",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "cancelled",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-11",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-11",
          "summary": "Site is 13 acres in North Loop",
          "source_url": "https://finance-commerce.com/2026/09/legacy-north-loop-data-center-deal/",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "cancelled",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-11",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-11",
          "summary": "Legacy Investing proposed 20 megawatt data center at former Star Tribune printing plant site",
          "source_url": "https://finance-commerce.com/2026/09/legacy-north-loop-data-center-deal/",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "cancelled",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-11",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-11",
          "summary": "Legacy Investing withdrew its application for a city conditional use permit and terminated its purchase agreement.",
          "source_url": "https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/developer-backs-plan-convert-former-205205381.html",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "cancelled",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-05",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-05",
          "summary": "The former Star Tribune printing plant in Minneapolis' North Loop neighborhood is in talks to become the city's latest data center. The site is under the city's 350 thousand square foot moratorium limit.",
          "source_url": "https://kstp.com/kstp-news/top-news/most-minnesotans-arent-sold-on-data-centers-but-others-say-its-not-just-ai-that-uses-them/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-23",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Developers proposed a data center at the former Star Tribune printing plant in the North Loop neighborhood of Minneapolis, drawing organized resident opposition at community meetings.",
          "source_url": "https://www.minneapolismn.gov/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "google-cedar-rapids-data-center-ia",
      "name": "Google Cedar Rapids Data Center",
      "summary": "Google is constructing a $576 million hyperscale data center campus in southwest Cedar Rapids, Linn County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Cedar Rapids",
      "county": "Linn County",
      "status": "under_construction",
      "developer": "Google",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 41.9085,
      "longitude": -91.7142,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-14",
      "coordinate_source": "IEDA Board approval and City of Cedar Rapids development agreement",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-14",
      "site_address": "Edgewood Road SW and 76th Avenue SW, Cedar Rapids, IA 52404",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 3,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/google-cedar-rapids-data-center-ia",
      "source": "https://www.eaglevoice.com/news/cedar-rapids-data-centers-spark-environmental-concerns/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Cedar Rapids data centers spark environmental concerns - eaglevoice.com",
          "url": "https://www.eaglevoice.com/news/cedar-rapids-data-centers-spark-environmental-concerns/",
          "publisher": "eaglevoice.com",
          "date": "2026-09-16",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Google: Data center locations",
          "url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
          "publisher": "Google",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "Google plans ‘special investment announcement’ in Cedar Rapids May 30 - corridorbusiness.com",
          "url": "https://corridorbusiness.com/google-plans-special-investment-announcement-in-cedar-rapids-may-30/",
          "publisher": "corridorbusiness.com",
          "date": "2025-05-22",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Google announces $7 billion investment in Iowa, including new Cedar Rapids data center - The Des Moines Register",
          "url": "https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/news/2025/05/30/google-will-invest-7-billion-in-iowa-cedar-rapids-data-center-council-bluffs/83944046007/",
          "publisher": "The Des Moines Register",
          "date": "2025-05-30",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Data center construction traffic prompts temporary light at Edgewood Road and 64th Ave SW - KGAN",
          "url": "https://cbs2iowa.com/news/local/data-center-construction-traffic-prompts-temporary-light-at-edgewood-road-and-64th-ave-sw",
          "publisher": "KGAN",
          "date": "2026-06-19",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-16",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-16",
          "summary": "Google data center under construction on Edgewood Road SW in Cedar Rapids",
          "source_url": "https://www.eaglevoice.com/news/cedar-rapids-data-centers-spark-environmental-concerns/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-16",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-16",
          "summary": "QTS data center under construction in Cedar Rapids, Big Cedar Industrial area",
          "source_url": "https://www.eaglevoice.com/news/cedar-rapids-data-centers-spark-environmental-concerns/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "Google lists Google Cedar Rapids data center at Cedar Rapids, Iowa on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-06-19",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-06-19",
          "summary": "Data center construction traffic at Edgewood Road and 64th Ave SW prompted temporary traffic light installation",
          "source_url": "https://cbs2iowa.com/news/local/data-center-construction-traffic-prompts-temporary-light-at-edgewood-road-and-64th-ave-sw",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "google-council-bluffs-data-center-ia",
      "name": "Google Council Bluffs Data Center Campus",
      "summary": "Google operates its Council Bluffs hyperscale data center campus across two sites on Bunge Avenue and Veterans Memorial Highway in Council Bluffs, Pottawattamie County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Council Bluffs",
      "county": "Pottawattamie County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Google",
      "capacity_mw": 350,
      "latitude": 41.1865,
      "longitude": -95.8245,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-14",
      "coordinate_source": "Iowa DNR air permit and Google Council Bluffs campus specification",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-14",
      "site_address": "10324 Bunge Avenue, Council Bluffs, IA 51503",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 6,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/google-council-bluffs-data-center-ia",
      "source": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Google: Data center locations",
          "url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
          "publisher": "Google",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "Google releases new details on elevator accident at Council Bluffs data center - Daily Nonpareil",
          "url": "https://nonpareilonline.com/news/local/article_a9cccb74-b5b8-4caa-85a1-207c43b770df.html",
          "publisher": "Daily Nonpareil",
          "date": "2026-08-10",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "Google lists Google Council Bluffs data center at Council Bluffs, Iowa on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-10",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-10",
          "summary": "Contractor injured at Google Council Bluffs data center while repairing material lift",
          "source_url": "https://nonpareilonline.com/news/local/article_a9cccb74-b5b8-4caa-85a1-207c43b770df.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-10",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-10",
          "summary": "24 year old apprentice became trapped beneath elevator at Google Council Bluffs data center",
          "source_url": "https://nonpareilonline.com/news/local/article_a9cccb74-b5b8-4caa-85a1-207c43b770df.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "google-hermantown-data-center-mn",
      "name": "Google Hermantown Data Center",
      "summary": "Google proposed a data center campus along Morris Thomas Road and Midway Road in Hermantown, St. Louis County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Hermantown",
      "county": "St. Louis County",
      "status": "proposed",
      "developer": "Google",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 46.78444,
      "longitude": -92.10528,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://hermantownmn.com/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "City of Hermantown AUAR environmental review parcel",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": "Morris Thomas Road and Midway Road, Hermantown, MN 55810",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://hermantownmn.com/",
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 3,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://hermantownmn.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/google-hermantown-data-center-mn",
      "source": "https://www.wdio.com/top-stories/duluth-chamber-backs-hermantown-google-data-center-project/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Duluth Chamber backs Hermantown Google data center project - WDIO.com",
          "url": "https://www.wdio.com/top-stories/duluth-chamber-backs-hermantown-google-data-center-project/",
          "publisher": "WDIO.com",
          "date": "2026-09-02",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Google: Data center locations",
          "url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
          "publisher": "Google",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "A tale of two data centers: Google hosts events in to woo residents of Hermantown and Pine Island - MPR News",
          "url": "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/08/20/pine-island-and-hermantown-hear-googles-pitch-on-data-centers",
          "publisher": "MPR News",
          "date": "2026-08-20",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Google scales back proposed data center in northeast Minnesota - Star Tribune",
          "url": "https://www.startribune.com/google-hermantown-data-center/601880694",
          "publisher": "Star Tribune",
          "date": "2026-08-20",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Google launches a charm offensive in 2 Minnesota towns as data center opposition grows - MPR News",
          "url": "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/08/20/google-launches-a-charm-offensive-in-2-minnesota-towns-as-data-center-opposition-grows",
          "publisher": "MPR News",
          "date": "2026-08-20",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Mortenson Tapped for $450M HVDC Transmission Project in North Dakota and Minnesota - enr.com",
          "url": "https://www.enr.com/articles/63609-mortenson-tapped-for-450m-hvdc-transmission-project-in-north-dakota-and-minnesota",
          "publisher": "enr.com",
          "date": "2026-09-03",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-03",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-03",
          "summary": "In March, Minnesota Power signed an agreement with Google to supply power to the proposed Hermantown data center.",
          "source_url": "https://www.enr.com/articles/63609-mortenson-tapped-for-450m-hvdc-transmission-project-in-north-dakota-and-minnesota",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-03",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-03",
          "summary": "A $2 billion Google data center is proposed in Hermantown, Minnesota in the northeast part of the state.",
          "source_url": "https://www.enr.com/articles/63609-mortenson-tapped-for-450m-hvdc-transmission-project-in-north-dakota-and-minnesota",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-03",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-03",
          "summary": "In March 2026, Minnesota Power signed an agreement with Google to supply power to the proposed Hermantown data center",
          "source_url": "https://www.enr.com/articles/63609-mortenson-tapped-for-450m-hvdc-transmission-project-in-north-dakota-and-minnesota",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-03",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-03",
          "summary": "A $2 billion Google data center is proposed in Hermantown, Minnesota",
          "source_url": "https://www.enr.com/articles/63609-mortenson-tapped-for-450m-hvdc-transmission-project-in-north-dakota-and-minnesota",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-02",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Google proposed a data center in Hermantown, northeast Minnesota, which it subsequently scaled back in scope while conducting community outreach events; the Duluth Chamber of Commerce endorsed the project.",
          "source_url": "https://hermantownmn.com/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "google-pine-island-data-center-mn",
      "name": "Google Pine Island Data Center (Project Skyway)",
      "summary": "Google received municipal and environmental approvals for a 482 acre, 4 building hyperscale data center campus in Pine Island, Goodhue County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Pine Island",
      "county": "Goodhue County",
      "status": "approved",
      "developer": "Google",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 44.2058,
      "longitude": -92.6485,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.ccpineisland.org/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "City of Pine Island AUAR environmental review parcel",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": "500th Street NW and US Highway 52, Pine Island, MN 55963",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.ccpineisland.org/",
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 4,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.ccpineisland.org/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/google-pine-island-data-center-mn",
      "source": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Google: Data center locations",
          "url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
          "publisher": "Google",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "Google building data center in Pine Island, Minnesota",
          "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3puiLEwIIA4",
          "publisher": "YouTube",
          "date": "2026-02-25",
          "source_tier": 5
        },
        {
          "title": "A tale of two data centers: Google hosts events in to woo residents of Hermantown and Pine Island - MPR News",
          "url": "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/08/20/pine-island-and-hermantown-hear-googles-pitch-on-data-centers",
          "publisher": "MPR News",
          "date": "2026-08-20",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Congressional candidate demands data center moratorium ahead of Google’s Pine Island celebration - KTTC | Rochester, MN",
          "url": "https://www.kttc.com/2026/08/19/congressional-candidate-demands-data-center-moratorium-ahead-googles-pine-island-celebration/",
          "publisher": "KTTC | Rochester, MN",
          "date": "2026-08-19",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Google launches a charm offensive in 2 Minnesota towns as data center opposition grows - MPR News",
          "url": "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/08/20/google-launches-a-charm-offensive-in-2-minnesota-towns-as-data-center-opposition-grows",
          "publisher": "MPR News",
          "date": "2026-08-20",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-20",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Google hosted a community event in Pine Island, Minnesota regarding a proposed data center while facing political opposition including a congressional candidate's moratorium demand.",
          "source_url": "https://www.ccpineisland.org/",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-19",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-19",
          "summary": "Google and Ryan Companies promised an initial capital investment of more than $700 million into Pine Island.",
          "source_url": "https://www.kttc.com/2026/08/19/congressional-candidate-demands-data-center-moratorium-ahead-googles-pine-island-celebration/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-19",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-19",
          "summary": "Google promised $3 million directly to Pine Island city.",
          "source_url": "https://www.kttc.com/2026/08/19/congressional-candidate-demands-data-center-moratorium-ahead-googles-pine-island-celebration/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-19",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-19",
          "summary": "Google is expected to announce the project's Panther Program and other initiatives benefiting the Pine Island School District, with a projected investment of $24 million.",
          "source_url": "https://www.kttc.com/2026/08/19/congressional-candidate-demands-data-center-moratorium-ahead-googles-pine-island-celebration/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-02-25",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-02-25",
          "summary": "The project site is located less than half a mile from a nearby residential home",
          "source_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3puiLEwIIA4",
          "source_tier": 5
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-02-25",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-02-25",
          "summary": "The proposed data center will use advanced air cooling and minimal water compared to other data centers",
          "source_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3puiLEwIIA4",
          "source_tier": 5
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "google-salix-data-center-ia",
      "name": "Google Salix Port Neal Data Center Proposal",
      "summary": "Google and MidAmerican Energy filed county development proposals for a data center campus near the Port Neal industrial area in Salix, Woodbury County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Salix",
      "county": "Woodbury County",
      "status": "proposed",
      "developer": "Google",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 42.3125,
      "longitude": -96.3145,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.woodburycountyiowa.gov/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "Woodbury County Port Neal industrial corridor parcel",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": "260th Street and Port Neal Road, Salix, IA 51052",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.woodburycountyiowa.gov/",
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 2,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.woodburycountyiowa.gov/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/google-salix-data-center-ia",
      "source": "https://siouxcityjournal.com/news/local/government-politics/article_acdbe18c-e274-4b41-9252-10ac0e8aaabd.html",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Google creates website to provide info, updates on possible Salix data center - siouxcityjournal.com",
          "url": "https://siouxcityjournal.com/news/local/government-politics/article_acdbe18c-e274-4b41-9252-10ac0e8aaabd.html",
          "publisher": "siouxcityjournal.com",
          "date": "2026-09-03",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Google debuts website encouraging Salix residents to learn about data centers - kcau9.com",
          "url": "https://www.kcau9.com/news/local-news/google-debuts-website-encouraging-salix-residents-to-learn-about-data-centers/",
          "publisher": "kcau9.com",
          "date": "2026-09-03",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Iowa data center debate looms in governor race. Where Sand, Lahn stand - Muscatine Journal",
          "url": "https://muscatinejournal.com/news/state-regional/article_f50dff5f-dba0-5bda-a1cf-ce890403a820.html",
          "publisher": "Muscatine Journal",
          "date": "2026-09-10",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Google to shift data center plans from rural Linn County to Palo - Corridor Business Journal",
          "url": "https://corridorbusiness.com/google-to-shift-data-center-plans-from-rural-linn-county-to-palo/",
          "publisher": "Corridor Business Journal",
          "date": "2026-03-04",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Google debuts website encouraging Salix residents to learn about data centers",
          "url": "https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/google-debuts-website-encouraging-salix-193320736.html",
          "publisher": "www.yahoo.com",
          "date": "2026-09-03",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Google is considering a data center in Salix, IA - KTIV",
          "url": "https://www.ktiv.com/2026/08/03/google-considering-data-center-salix-iowa-according-midamerican-energy/",
          "publisher": "KTIV",
          "date": "2026-08-03",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "GOOGLE HOPES TO WORK WITH SALIX ON DATA CENTER DEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL - KSCJ 1360",
          "url": "https://kscj.com/2026/08/05/google-hopes-to-work-with-salix-on-data-center-development-proposal/",
          "publisher": "KSCJ 1360",
          "date": "2026-08-05",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-10",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-10",
          "summary": "Death threats sidelined a planned city council meeting in Salix where local leaders were set to discuss a proposed Google data center.",
          "source_url": "https://muscatinejournal.com/news/state-regional/article_f50dff5f-dba0-5bda-a1cf-ce890403a820.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-10",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-10",
          "summary": "Local leaders in Norwalk approved a development agreement for a $12 billion data center project.",
          "source_url": "https://muscatinejournal.com/news/state-regional/article_f50dff5f-dba0-5bda-a1cf-ce890403a820.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-03",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-03",
          "summary": "Google announced a website for Salix residents to learn about a potential data center, stating it is in early review process with no final decision made",
          "source_url": "https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/google-debuts-website-encouraging-salix-193320736.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-03",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Google is considering a data center in Salix, Iowa and created a public website to provide information and updates to the community about the potential project.",
          "source_url": "https://www.woodburycountyiowa.gov/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "h5-minneapolis-mn",
      "name": "H5 Data Centers Twin Cities (Energy Park)",
      "summary": "H5 Data Centers operates a commercial colocation data center at 1125 Energy Park Drive in St. Paul, Ramsey County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "St. Paul",
      "county": "Ramsey County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "H5 Data Centers",
      "capacity_mw": 6,
      "latitude": 44.9708,
      "longitude": -93.1492,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.h5datacenters.com/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-14",
      "coordinate_source": "H5 Twin Cities Energy Park specification",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-14",
      "site_address": "1125 Energy Park Drive, St. Paul, MN 55108",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.h5datacenters.com/",
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.h5datacenters.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/h5-minneapolis-mn",
      "source": "https://h5datacenters.com/data-centers.html",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "H5 Data Centers: Data centers",
          "url": "https://h5datacenters.com/data-centers.html",
          "publisher": "H5 Data Centers",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "H5 Data Centers lists H5 Minneapolis at Minneapolis, Minnesota on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://h5datacenters.com/data-centers.html",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "infobunker-llc-infobunker-boone-ia",
      "name": "InfoBunker Underground Data Center (Boone)",
      "summary": "InfoBunker operates a hardened underground commercial colocation data center at 308 T Avenue in Boone, Boone County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Boone",
      "county": "Boone County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "InfoBunker",
      "capacity_mw": 6,
      "latitude": 42.0625,
      "longitude": -93.8412,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.infobunker.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "InfoBunker Boone specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "308 T Avenue, Boone, IA 50036",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.infobunker.com/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.infobunker.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/infobunker-llc-infobunker-boone-ia",
      "source": "https://www.infobunker.com/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "InfoBunker Underground Data Center (Boone) Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://www.infobunker.com/",
          "publisher": "InfoBunker",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Iowa state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://www.infobunker.com/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "inver-grove-heights-data-center-mn",
      "name": "Q'Levr Inver Grove Heights Data Center Campus",
      "summary": "Q'Levr filed environmental review plans for a 4 building data center campus along Rich Valley Boulevard in Inver Grove Heights, Dakota County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Inver Grove Heights",
      "county": "Dakota County",
      "status": "proposed",
      "developer": "Q'Levr",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 44.73525,
      "longitude": -92.85265,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.ighmn.gov/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "City of Inver Grove Heights AUAR parcel",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": "Rich Valley Boulevard and 117th Street East, Inver Grove Heights, MN 55077",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.ighmn.gov/",
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 4,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.ighmn.gov/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/inver-grove-heights-data-center-mn",
      "source": "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/inver-grove-heights-data-center-moratorium-carve-out/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Inver Grove Heights City Council approves moratorium carve out for proposed data center - The Mighty 790 KFGO",
          "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/inver-grove-heights-data-center-moratorium-carve-out/",
          "publisher": "The Mighty 790 KFGO",
          "date": "2026-09-15",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Inver Grove Heights exempts data center project from city moratorium - MPR News",
          "url": "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/09/15/inver-grove-heights-data-center-project-exempted-from-city-moratorium",
          "publisher": "MPR News",
          "date": "2026-09-15",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Inver Grove Heights meeting erupts into shouts after data center moratorium delayed - MPR News",
          "url": "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/06/23/inver-grove-heights-meeting-erupts-into-shouts-after-data-center-moratorium-delayed",
          "publisher": "MPR News",
          "date": "2026-06-23",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Inver Grove Heights City Council Approves Moratorium Carve-Out For Proposed Data Center - Patch",
          "url": "https://patch.com/minnesota/across-mn/inver-grove-heights-city-council-approves-moratorium-carve-out-proposed-data",
          "publisher": "Patch",
          "date": "2026-09-15",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Data center lawsuit could cost Inver Grove Heights taxpayers millions; path to avoid it moves forward - kstp.com",
          "url": "https://kstp.com/tracking-your-tax-dollars/data-center-lawsuit-could-cost-inver-grove-heights-taxpayers-millions-path-to-avoid-it-moves-forward/",
          "publisher": "kstp.com",
          "date": "2026-08-10",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-15",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-15",
          "summary": "Site plan application scheduled for consideration later in September 2026",
          "source_url": "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/09/15/inver-grove-heights-data-center-project-exempted-from-city-moratorium",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-15",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-15",
          "summary": "Council to vote on major site plan on September 28, 2026",
          "source_url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/inver-grove-heights-data-center-moratorium-carve-out/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "stalled",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-10",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "A data center project in Inver Grove Heights is subject to a lawsuit that could cost taxpayers millions, and a moratorium on data centers was delayed at a contentious city meeting.",
          "source_url": "https://www.ighmn.gov/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "ip-pathways-llc-ip-pathways-dsm1-urbandale-ia",
      "name": "IP Pathways Urbandale Data Center (DSM1)",
      "summary": "IP Pathways operates a commercial cloud and colocation data center at 3600 109th Street in Urbandale, Polk County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Urbandale",
      "county": "Polk County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "IP Pathways",
      "capacity_mw": 4,
      "latitude": 41.6285,
      "longitude": -93.7682,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://ippathways.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "IP Pathways DSM1 Urbandale specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "3600 109th Street, Urbandale, IA 50322",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://ippathways.com/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://ippathways.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/ip-pathways-llc-ip-pathways-dsm1-urbandale-ia",
      "source": "https://ippathways.com/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "IP Pathways Urbandale Data Center (DSM1) Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://ippathways.com/",
          "publisher": "IP Pathways",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Iowa state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://ippathways.com/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "iron-gate-data-centers-eagan-mn",
      "name": "Iron Gate Data Centers Eagan",
      "summary": "Iron Gate Data Centers operates a commercial colocation facility at 3199 Pilot Knob Road in Eagan, Dakota County, Minnesota, permitted under EPA FRS ID 110070918452.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Eagan",
      "county": "Dakota County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Iron Gate Data Centers",
      "capacity_mw": 6,
      "latitude": 44.8425,
      "longitude": -93.16731,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110070918452",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-20",
      "coordinate_source": "EPA FRS 110070918452",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-20",
      "site_address": "3199 Pilot Knob Road, Eagan, MN 55121",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110070918452",
      "published": "2026-10-20",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110070918452",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/iron-gate-data-centers-eagan-mn",
      "source": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110003893742",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EPA ECHO detailed facility report: Iron Gate Data Centers, Eagan",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110003893742",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Minnesota state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110070918452",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "lightedge-solutions-lightedge-des-moines-1-dsm1-altoona-ia",
      "name": "LightEdge Altoona Data Center 1 (DSM1)",
      "summary": "LightEdge Solutions operates the DSM1 commercial colocation data center at 1435 Northridge Circle in Altoona, Polk County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Altoona",
      "county": "Polk County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "LightEdge Solutions",
      "capacity_mw": 8,
      "latitude": 41.6582,
      "longitude": -93.4895,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.lightedge.com/data-center-locations/des-moines-data-center/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "LightEdge DSM1 Altoona specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "1435 Northridge Circle, Altoona, IA 50009",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.lightedge.com/data-center-locations/des-moines-data-center/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.lightedge.com/data-center-locations/des-moines-data-center/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/lightedge-solutions-lightedge-des-moines-1-dsm1-altoona-ia",
      "source": "https://www.lightedge.com/data-center-locations/des-moines-data-center/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "LightEdge Altoona Data Center 1 (DSM1) Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://www.lightedge.com/data-center-locations/des-moines-data-center/",
          "publisher": "LightEdge Solutions",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Iowa state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://www.lightedge.com/data-center-locations/des-moines-data-center/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "lightedge-solutions-lightedge-des-moines-2-dsm2-altoona-ia",
      "name": "LightEdge Altoona Data Center 2 (DSM2)",
      "summary": "LightEdge Solutions operates the DSM2 commercial colocation data center at 1401 Northridge Circle in Altoona, Polk County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Altoona",
      "county": "Polk County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "LightEdge Solutions",
      "capacity_mw": 10,
      "latitude": 41.6578,
      "longitude": -93.4902,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.lightedge.com/data-center-locations/des-moines-data-center/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "LightEdge DSM2 Altoona specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "1401 Northridge Circle, Altoona, IA 50009",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.lightedge.com/data-center-locations/des-moines-data-center/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.lightedge.com/data-center-locations/des-moines-data-center/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/lightedge-solutions-lightedge-des-moines-2-dsm2-altoona-ia",
      "source": "https://www.lightedge.com/data-center-locations/des-moines-data-center/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "LightEdge Altoona Data Center 2 (DSM2) Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://www.lightedge.com/data-center-locations/des-moines-data-center/",
          "publisher": "LightEdge Solutions",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Iowa state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://www.lightedge.com/data-center-locations/des-moines-data-center/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "meta-altoona-data-center-ia",
      "name": "Meta Altoona Data Center Campus",
      "summary": "Meta operates an 11 building, 5 million square foot hyperscale data center campus at 100 Share Way NW in Altoona, Polk County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Altoona",
      "county": "Polk County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Meta",
      "capacity_mw": 400,
      "latitude": 41.6645,
      "longitude": -93.4862,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-14",
      "coordinate_source": "Polk County Air Quality permit and Meta Altoona specification",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-14",
      "site_address": "100 Share Way NW, Altoona, IA 50009",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/",
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 11,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/meta-altoona-data-center-ia",
      "source": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/us-locations/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Meta: Our U.S. data center fleet",
          "url": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/us-locations/",
          "publisher": "Meta",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "Meta lists Meta Altoona Data Center at Altoona, Iowa on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/us-locations/",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "meta-davenport-data-center-ia",
      "name": "Meta Davenport Data Center Campus",
      "summary": "Meta is constructing an $800 million, 3 building hyperscale data center campus on a 328 acre site at the Eastern Iowa Industrial Center in Davenport, Scott County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Davenport",
      "county": "Scott County",
      "status": "under_construction",
      "developer": "Meta",
      "capacity_mw": 200,
      "latitude": 41.6085,
      "longitude": -90.5842,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "IEDA Board approval and Eastern Iowa Industrial Center parcel",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "Enterprise Way and Research Parkway, Davenport, IA 52806",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/",
      "published": "2026-10-02",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 3,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/meta-davenport-data-center-ia",
      "source": "https://qctimes.com/news/local/business/article_b66be122-4747-480e-b683-e8c9fa8c8bb2.html",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Still no ground broken for Meta data center in Davenport; Here's what we know - The Quad-City Times",
          "url": "https://qctimes.com/news/local/business/article_b66be122-4747-480e-b683-e8c9fa8c8bb2.html",
          "publisher": "The Quad-City Times",
          "date": "2026-02-23",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-02-23",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "As of February 2026, no ground has been broken on Meta's proposed data center in Davenport, Iowa.",
          "source_url": "https://qctimes.com/news/local/business/article_b66be122-4747-480e-b683-e8c9fa8c8bb2.html",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "meta-rosemount-data-center-mn",
      "name": "Meta Rosemount Data Center Campus",
      "summary": "Meta operates a hyperscale data center campus at 14701 Blaine Avenue in the UMore Park corridor in Rosemount, Dakota County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Rosemount",
      "county": "Dakota County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Meta",
      "capacity_mw": 150,
      "latitude": 44.73429,
      "longitude": -93.054972,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-04",
      "coordinate_source": "MPCA permit and Meta Rosemount campus specification",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-04",
      "site_address": "14701 Blaine Avenue, Rosemount, MN 55068",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/",
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 4,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/meta-rosemount-data-center-mn",
      "source": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/us-locations/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Meta: Our U.S. data center fleet",
          "url": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/us-locations/",
          "publisher": "Meta",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "Using AI to make lower carbon, faster curing concrete - Engineering at Meta",
          "url": "https://engineering.fb.com/2025/07/16/data-center-engineering/ai-make-lower-carbon-faster-curing-concrete/",
          "publisher": "Engineering at Meta",
          "date": "2025-07-16",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "EPA ECHO detailed facility report: Jimnist LLC",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110071654357",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "Meta confirms it is behind $700 million Minnesota data center project - Data Center Dynamics",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/meta-confirms-it-is-behind-700-million-minnesota-data-center-project/",
          "publisher": "Data Center Dynamics",
          "date": "2023-09-04",
          "source_tier": 3
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "Meta lists Meta Rosemount Data Center at Rosemount, Minnesota on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/us-locations/",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2025-07-16",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2025-07-16",
          "summary": "Meta deployed AI designed sustainable concrete at its data center construction site in Rosemount, Minnesota",
          "source_url": "https://engineering.fb.com/2025/07/16/data-center-engineering/ai-make-lower-carbon-faster-curing-concrete/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2023-09-04",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2023-09-04",
          "summary": "Meta confirmed $700 million Minnesota data center project",
          "source_url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/meta-confirms-it-is-behind-700-million-minnesota-data-center-project/",
          "source_tier": 3
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "microsoft-van-meter-data-center-campus-ia",
      "name": "Microsoft Van Meter Data Center Campus",
      "summary": "Microsoft is constructing a 4 building hyperscale data center campus in Van Meter, Dallas County, Iowa, approved by the Iowa Economic Development Authority.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Van Meter",
      "county": "Dallas County",
      "status": "under_construction",
      "developer": "Microsoft",
      "capacity_mw": 200,
      "latitude": 41.5285,
      "longitude": -93.9245,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "IEDA Board approval and Dallas County site plan",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "360th Street and Grand Avenue, Van Meter, IA 50261",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
      "published": "2026-09-27",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 4,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/microsoft-van-meter-data-center-campus-ia",
      "source": "https://www.businessrecord.com/microsoft-buys-land-in-van-meter-for-another-data-center-campus/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Microsoft buys land in Van Meter for another data center campus - Business Record",
          "url": "https://www.businessrecord.com/microsoft-buys-land-in-van-meter-for-another-data-center-campus/",
          "publisher": "Business Record",
          "date": "2024-01-31",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-20",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Microsoft closed on six hundred acres in Woodward for a data center campus, announcing the project at a community meeting restricted to local residents and prompting criticism from a freedom of information advocate.",
          "source_url": "https://www.mississippivalleypublishing.com/the_hawk_eye/data-center-discussion-deserves-a-bigger-room/article_3a7186d7-0387-4519-a9bc-7848bc9c718b.html",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2024-01-31",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Microsoft acquired 377 acres near Vision Park in Van Meter, Iowa for approximately $40 million to build a data center campus.",
          "source_url": "https://www.businessrecord.com/microsoft-buys-land-in-van-meter-for-another-data-center-campus/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "microsoft-west-des-moines-data-centers-ia",
      "name": "Microsoft West Des Moines Data Center Campuses (Alluvion, Osmium, Ginger, Ruthenium, and Maple)",
      "summary": "Microsoft operates and is expanding five hyperscale data center campuses (Project Alluvion, Project Osmium, Project Ginger, Project Ruthenium, and Project Maple) across 16 buildings in West Des Moines, Polk and Dallas Counties, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "West Des Moines",
      "county": "Polk County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Microsoft",
      "capacity_mw": 500,
      "latitude": 41.5485,
      "longitude": -93.8124,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "IEDA High Quality Jobs filings and West Des Moines GIS parcels",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "8855 Grand Avenue and Veterans Parkway, West Des Moines, IA 50266",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
      "published": "2026-09-27",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 16,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.iowaeda.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/microsoft-west-des-moines-data-centers-ia",
      "source": "https://www.wpr.org/news/microsoft-data-center-iowa-wisconsin-expect",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Microsoft built 5 data center campuses in this Iowa city. Here’s what Wisconsin can expect. - WPR",
          "url": "https://www.wpr.org/news/microsoft-data-center-iowa-wisconsin-expect",
          "publisher": "WPR",
          "date": "2025-05-15",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2025-05-15",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Microsoft owns over 600 acres in West Des Moines with five data center campuses operational since 2012 and a sixth approved by city council agreement, having invested an estimated 5 to 6 billion dollars in the area.",
          "source_url": "https://www.wpr.org/news/microsoft-data-center-iowa-wisconsin-expect",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "oneneck-it-solutions-llc-us-signal-ia01-des-moines-waukee-ia",
      "name": "US Signal and OneNeck Des Moines Data Center (IA01 Waukee)",
      "summary": "US Signal and OneNeck IT Solutions operate the IA01 Tier III commercial colocation data center at 390 NE Alices Road in Waukee, Dallas County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Waukee",
      "county": "Dallas County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "US Signal / OneNeck IT Solutions",
      "capacity_mw": 6,
      "latitude": 41.6168,
      "longitude": -93.8542,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://ussignal.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "US Signal IA01 Waukee specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "390 NE Alices Road, Waukee, IA 50263",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://ussignal.com/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://ussignal.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/oneneck-it-solutions-llc-us-signal-ia01-des-moines-waukee-ia",
      "source": "https://ussignal.com/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "US Signal and OneNeck Des Moines Data Center (IA01 Waukee) Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://ussignal.com/",
          "publisher": "US Signal / OneNeck IT Solutions",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Iowa state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://ussignal.com/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "oppidan-apple-valley-campus-mn",
      "name": "Oppidan Apple Valley Data Center Campus",
      "summary": "Oppidan Investment Company filed environmental review documents for a 3 building data center campus at the former gravel quarry site in Apple Valley, Dakota County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Apple Valley",
      "county": "Dakota County",
      "status": "proposed",
      "developer": "Oppidan Investment Company",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 44.7285,
      "longitude": -93.1945,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.applevalleymn.gov/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "City of Apple Valley EAW environmental review parcel",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "152nd Street West and Johnny Cake Ridge Road, Apple Valley, MN 55124",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.applevalleymn.gov/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 3,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.applevalleymn.gov/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/oppidan-apple-valley-campus-mn",
      "source": "https://www.govtech.com/products/minnesota-data-center-debate-turns-to-water-consumption",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Minnesota Data Center Debate Turns to Water Consumption - GovTech",
          "url": "https://www.govtech.com/products/minnesota-data-center-debate-turns-to-water-consumption",
          "publisher": "GovTech",
          "date": "2025-04-11",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2025-04-11",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Oppidan plans a data center campus in Apple Valley with estimated water usage of about 8 million gallons per year.",
          "source_url": "https://www.govtech.com/products/minnesota-data-center-debate-turns-to-water-consumption",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "pathone-hull-data-center-ia",
      "name": "PathOne Hull Data Center Proposal",
      "summary": "PathOne proposed a modular edge data center facility along the US Highway 18 corridor in Hull, Sioux County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Hull",
      "county": "Sioux County",
      "status": "proposed",
      "developer": "PathOne",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 43.1865,
      "longitude": -96.1342,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://siouxcountyia.gov/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "City of Hull planning commission filing",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": "US Highway 18 Corridor, Hull, IA 51239",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://siouxcountyia.gov/",
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://siouxcountyia.gov/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/pathone-hull-data-center-ia",
      "source": "https://www.fox5vegas.com/video/2026/08/26/after-ida-county-pathone-holds-data-center-meeting-hull-residents/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "After Ida County, PathOne holds data center meeting for Hull residents - KTIV",
          "url": "https://www.fox5vegas.com/video/2026/08/26/after-ida-county-pathone-holds-data-center-meeting-hull-residents/",
          "publisher": "KTIV",
          "date": "2026-08-26",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "PathOne Webinar Deepens Ida County Data Center Debate - Storm Lake Radio",
          "url": "https://stormlakeradio.com/news/pathone-webinar-deepens-ida-county-data-center-debate/",
          "publisher": "Storm Lake Radio",
          "date": "2026-08-20",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Sioux County discusses proposed data center - The N'West Iowa REVIEW",
          "url": "https://www.nwestiowa.com/nwest_iowa_review/sioux-county-discusses-proposed-data-center/article_dbf16b9e-843d-4f05-8ca1-f7fca3c442d2.html",
          "publisher": "The N'West Iowa REVIEW",
          "date": "2026-08-14",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-26",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "PathOne held a public meeting for Hull residents about a potential data center project, following a prior meeting in Ida County.",
          "source_url": "https://siouxcountyia.gov/",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-20",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-20",
          "summary": "PathOne Data Centers held a webinar to address questions about data center proposal in Ida County",
          "source_url": "https://stormlakeradio.com/news/pathone-webinar-deepens-ida-county-data-center-debate/",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "qts-cedar-rapids-ia",
      "name": "QTS Cedar Rapids Data Center Campus",
      "summary": "QTS Data Centers is constructing a $750 million, 6 building hyperscale data center campus at the Big Cedar Industrial Center in Cedar Rapids, Linn County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Cedar Rapids",
      "county": "Linn County",
      "status": "under_construction",
      "developer": "QTS Data Centers",
      "capacity_mw": 300,
      "latitude": 41.9025,
      "longitude": -91.6895,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://qtsdatacenters.com/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-14",
      "coordinate_source": "IEDA Board approval and Big Cedar Industrial Center parcel",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-14",
      "site_address": "76th Avenue SW and Big Cedar Way, Cedar Rapids, IA 52404",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://qtsdatacenters.com/",
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 6,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://qtsdatacenters.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/qts-cedar-rapids-ia",
      "source": "https://www.indianola-ia.com/opinion/tom-phillips-leading-the-future-why-iowa-should-base-data-center-policy-on-facts-not/article_e9f8ca88-029e-4345-9f75-7a3fee630cf4.html",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "TOM PHILLIPS: Leading the Future: Why Iowa should base data center policy on facts, not fear or rumors - Indianola Independent Advocate",
          "url": "https://www.indianola-ia.com/opinion/tom-phillips-leading-the-future-why-iowa-should-base-data-center-policy-on-facts-not/article_e9f8ca88-029e-4345-9f75-7a3fee630cf4.html",
          "publisher": "Indianola Independent Advocate",
          "date": "2026-07-13",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "QTS Data Centers: All locations",
          "url": "https://q.com/data-centers/",
          "publisher": "QTS Data Centers",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "U.S. Energy Secretary visits QTS data center in Cedar Rapids - KWWL",
          "url": "https://www.kwwl.com/news/u-s-energy-secretary-visits-qts-data-center-in-cedar-rapids/article_104298b5-86a5-49e1-b652-2f082a7e4af5.html",
          "publisher": "KWWL",
          "date": "2026-04-24",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Cedar Rapids airport investigates drones in flight path - KWWL",
          "url": "https://www.kwwl.com/news/cedar-rapids-airport-investigates-drones-in-flight-path/article_af369349-8f2b-4f78-a3ae-c90ef46cb028.html",
          "publisher": "KWWL",
          "date": "2026-06-03",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Scope of QTS data project in Cedar Rapids continuing to grow - corridorbusiness.com",
          "url": "https://corridorbusiness.com/scope-of-qts-data-project-in-cedar-rapids-continuing-to-grow/",
          "publisher": "corridorbusiness.com",
          "date": "2025-12-02",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Eastern Iowa Airport investigating QTS drones in airspace - thegazette.com",
          "url": "https://www.thegazette.com/news/local/eastern-iowa-airport-investigating-qts-drones-in-airspace/article_f451f48f-4666-424d-8583-7de44e7897f7.html",
          "publisher": "thegazette.com",
          "date": "2026-06-04",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "QTS celebrates topping out milestone at Cedar Rapids data center - KGAN",
          "url": "https://cbs2iowa.com/news/local/qts-topping-out-cedar-rapids-data-center-iowa-governor-kim-reynolds-lieutenant-governor-chris-cournoyer-senator-charlie-mcclintock-mayor-tiffany-odonnell-economy",
          "publisher": "KGAN",
          "date": "2025-10-22",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "QTS Data Centers lists QTS Cedar Rapids at Cedar Rapids, Iowa on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://q.com/data-centers/",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-06-04",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-06-04",
          "summary": "Eastern Iowa Airport investigating QTS drones in airspace",
          "source_url": "https://www.thegazette.com/news/local/eastern-iowa-airport-investigating-qts-drones-in-airspace/article_f451f48f-4666-424d-8583-7de44e7897f7.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-06-03",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-06-03",
          "summary": "Cedar Rapids airport investigates drones in flight path",
          "source_url": "https://www.kwwl.com/news/cedar-rapids-airport-investigates-drones-in-flight-path/article_af369349-8f2b-4f78-a3ae-c90ef46cb028.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-04-24",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-04-24",
          "summary": "U.S. Energy Secretary visited QTS data center in Cedar Rapids",
          "source_url": "https://www.kwwl.com/news/u-s-energy-secretary-visits-qts-data-center-in-cedar-rapids/article_104298b5-86a5-49e1-b652-2f082a7e4af5.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2025-12-02",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2025-12-02",
          "summary": "Scope of QTS data project in Cedar Rapids continuing to grow",
          "source_url": "https://corridorbusiness.com/scope-of-qts-data-project-in-cedar-rapids-continuing-to-grow/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2025-10-22",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2025-10-22",
          "summary": "QTS reached topping out milestone at Cedar Rapids data center",
          "source_url": "https://cbs2iowa.com/news/local/qts-topping-out-cedar-rapids-data-center-iowa-governor-kim-reynolds-lieutenant-governor-chris-cournoyer-senator-charlie-mcclintock-mayor-tiffany-odonnell-economy",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "qts-clinton-data-center-ia",
      "name": "QTS Clinton Data Center Proposal",
      "summary": "QTS Data Centers proposed a data center campus at the Lincolnway Industrial Rail and Air Park in Clinton, Clinton County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Clinton",
      "county": "Clinton County",
      "status": "proposed",
      "developer": "QTS Data Centers",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 41.8245,
      "longitude": -90.2862,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.cityofclintoniowa.gov/",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "City of Clinton industrial park parcel",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": "Lincolnway Industrial Rail and Air Park, Clinton, IA 52732",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.cityofclintoniowa.gov/",
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 2,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.cityofclintoniowa.gov/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/qts-clinton-data-center-ia",
      "source": "https://www.wvik.org/wvik-top-stories/2026-08-29/clinton-data-center-ordinance-to-be-discussed-at-tuesday-meeting",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Clinton data center ordinance to be discussed at Tuesday meeting - WVIK, Quad Cities NPR",
          "url": "https://www.wvik.org/wvik-top-stories/2026-08-29/clinton-data-center-ordinance-to-be-discussed-at-tuesday-meeting",
          "publisher": "WVIK, Quad Cities NPR",
          "date": "2026-08-29",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "QTS Data Centers: All locations",
          "url": "https://q.com/data-centers/",
          "publisher": "QTS Data Centers",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "QTS officials offer input on Clinton data center plans - WVIK, Quad Cities NPR",
          "url": "https://www.wvik.org/wvik-top-stories/2026-09-03/qts-officials-offer-input-on-clinton-data-center-plans",
          "publisher": "WVIK, Quad Cities NPR",
          "date": "2026-09-03",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Clinton residents request steep restrictions in the face of QTS hyperscale data center - Iowa Public Radio",
          "url": "https://www.iowapublicradio.org/ipr-news/2026-07-16/clinton-qts-hyperscale-data-center",
          "publisher": "Iowa Public Radio",
          "date": "2026-07-16",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-03",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "QTS officials offered input on a hyperscale data center project planned for Clinton, Iowa, while Clinton residents requested steep restrictions on the facility.",
          "source_url": "https://www.cityofclintoniowa.gov/",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-29",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-29",
          "summary": "QTS proposes a 1,100 acre hyperscale data center estimated to cost 10 billion dollars between Clinton Municipal Airport, Valley Oaks Golf Course and Branden Hills residential area",
          "source_url": "https://www.wvik.org/wvik-top-stories/2026-08-29/clinton-data-center-ordinance-to-be-discussed-at-tuesday-meeting",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-29",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-29",
          "summary": "QTS is currently constructing a data center on 612 acres in Cedar Rapids at the Big Cedar Industrial Center",
          "source_url": "https://www.wvik.org/wvik-top-stories/2026-08-29/clinton-data-center-ordinance-to-be-discussed-at-tuesday-meeting",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "stream-data-centers-stream-data-centers-mn-i-chaska-mn",
      "name": "Stream Data Centers Minneapolis I (Chaska)",
      "summary": "Stream Data Centers operates the Minneapolis I enterprise colocation facility at 1708 West Creek Lane in Chaska, Carver County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Chaska",
      "county": "Carver County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Stream Data Centers",
      "capacity_mw": 10,
      "latitude": 44.8325,
      "longitude": -93.6042,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.streamdatacenters.com/location/minneapolis/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "Stream Data Centers Chaska specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "1708 West Creek Lane, Chaska, MN 55318",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.streamdatacenters.com/location/minneapolis/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.streamdatacenters.com/location/minneapolis/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/stream-data-centers-stream-data-centers-mn-i-chaska-mn",
      "source": "https://www.streamdatacenters.com/location/minneapolis/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Stream Data Centers Minneapolis I (Chaska) Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://www.streamdatacenters.com/location/minneapolis/",
          "publisher": "Stream Data Centers",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Minnesota state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://www.streamdatacenters.com/location/minneapolis/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "t5-data-centers-t5minneapolis-minneapolis-mn",
      "name": "T5 Data Centers Minneapolis (T5@Minneapolis)",
      "summary": "T5 Data Centers operates a commercial colocation data center at 1001 3rd Avenue South in downtown Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Minneapolis",
      "county": "Hennepin County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "T5 Data Centers",
      "capacity_mw": 12,
      "latitude": 44.9712,
      "longitude": -93.2685,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://t5datacenters.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "T5 Minneapolis specification",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "1001 3rd Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55404",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://t5datacenters.com/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://t5datacenters.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/t5-data-centers-t5minneapolis-minneapolis-mn",
      "source": "https://t5datacenters.com/",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "T5 Data Centers Minneapolis (T5@Minneapolis) Official Disclosure",
          "url": "https://t5datacenters.com/",
          "publisher": "T5 Data Centers",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Minnesota state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://t5datacenters.com/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "tract-altoona-data-center-park-ia",
      "name": "Tract Altoona Data Center Park",
      "summary": "Tract filed master development plans for a 6 building hyperscale data center technology park in Altoona, Polk County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Altoona",
      "county": "Polk County",
      "status": "proposed",
      "developer": "Tract",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 41.6712,
      "longitude": -93.4625,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.altoona-iowa.com/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "City of Altoona planning commission filing",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "NE 62nd Avenue and Adventureland Drive, Altoona, IA 50009",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.altoona-iowa.com/",
      "published": "2026-09-27",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 6,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.altoona-iowa.com/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/tract-altoona-data-center-park-ia",
      "source": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-park-developer-tract-enters-iowa/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Data center park developer Tract enters Iowa - Data Center Dynamics",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-park-developer-tract-enters-iowa/",
          "publisher": "Data Center Dynamics",
          "date": "2025-09-10",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2025-09-10",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Tract acquired a 453 acre fully entitled site in Altoona between NE 62nd Avenue and 70th Avenue to develop a hyperscale data center park supporting up to 1 GW of capacity.",
          "source_url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-park-developer-tract-enters-iowa/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "tract-farmington-data-center-park-mn",
      "name": "Tract Farmington Technology Park",
      "summary": "Tract filed an Alternative Urban Areawide Review and master plan for a 670 acre, 8 building hyperscale data center park in Farmington, Dakota County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Farmington",
      "county": "Dakota County",
      "status": "proposed",
      "developer": "Tract",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 44.65916,
      "longitude": -93.1687,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://www.farmingtonmn.gov/",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": "City of Farmington AUAR filing parcel",
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": "225th Street West and State Highway 3, Farmington, MN 55024",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://www.farmingtonmn.gov/",
      "published": "2026-10-21",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 8,
      "buildings_basis": "agency filing",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://www.farmingtonmn.gov/",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/tract-farmington-data-center-park-mn",
      "source": "https://www.govtech.com/products/minnesota-data-center-debate-turns-to-water-consumption",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Minnesota Data Center Debate Turns to Water Consumption - GovTech",
          "url": "https://www.govtech.com/products/minnesota-data-center-debate-turns-to-water-consumption",
          "publisher": "GovTech",
          "date": "2025-04-11",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2025-01-08",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Tract plans a second Minnesota data center park outside Minneapolis with estimated water usage of nearly 2.4 million gallons daily at peak use.",
          "source_url": "https://www.farmingtonmn.gov/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "visi-data-center-oneneck-it-solutions-llc-eden-prairie-mn",
      "name": "US Signal and OneNeck Eden Prairie Data Center (VISI)",
      "summary": "OneNeck IT Solutions and US Signal operate a commercial colocation data center at 10290 West 70th Street in Eden Prairie, Hennepin County, Minnesota, permitted under EPA FRS ID 110070152844.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Eden Prairie",
      "county": "Hennepin County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "US Signal / OneNeck IT Solutions",
      "capacity_mw": 8,
      "latitude": 44.87664,
      "longitude": -93.40737,
      "location_precision": "address",
      "location_source": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110070152844",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-20",
      "coordinate_source": "EPA FRS 110070152844",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-20",
      "site_address": "10290 West 70th Street, Eden Prairie, MN 55344",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110070152844",
      "published": "2026-10-20",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-27",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110063700758",
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": 1,
      "buildings_basis": "operator page",
      "buildings_source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110070152844",
      "buildings_verified_at": "2026-10-27",
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/visi-data-center-oneneck-it-solutions-llc-eden-prairie-mn",
      "source": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110063700758",
      "basis": "developer_estimate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EPA ECHO detailed facility report: Visi Data Center / Oneneck IT Solutions, LLC",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110063700758",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-27",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Verified facility status from Minnesota state agency permits, utility dockets, municipal planning filings, or operator campus specifications.",
          "source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110070152844",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "apld-jamestown-datacenter-nd",
      "name": "Apld Jamestown Datacenter",
      "summary": "The EPA's facility registry lists Apld Jamestown Datacenter at 2671 Hwy 20 SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 in Jamestown, North Dakota, with a water permit.",
      "state": "ND",
      "city": "Jamestown",
      "county": "Stutsman County",
      "status": "not_verified",
      "developer": null,
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 47.027314,
      "longitude": -98.679253,
      "location_precision": "permit_point",
      "location_source": "EPA ECHO facility record 110071785777: the registry placed its point by interpolation photo, accurate to 300 m",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-20",
      "coordinate_source": "epa frs point",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-20",
      "site_address": "2671 Hwy 20 SE, Jamestown, ND 58401",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110071785777",
      "published": "2026-10-20",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-20",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/apld-jamestown-datacenter-nd",
      "source": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110071785777",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EPA ECHO detailed facility report: Apld Jamestown Datacenter",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110071785777",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": []
    },
    {
      "slug": "iea-sbd-9403-aegon-data-center-cedar-rapids-ia",
      "name": "Iea, SBD, 9403- Aegon Data Center",
      "summary": "The EPA facility registry lists the Aegon and Transamerica internal insurance enterprise data center at 6910 Tower Road SW in Cedar Rapids, Linn County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Cedar Rapids",
      "county": "Linn County",
      "status": "not_verified",
      "developer": null,
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 41.90862,
      "longitude": -91.65418,
      "location_precision": "permit_point",
      "location_source": "EPA ECHO facility record 110040471414: the registry placed its point by address matching house number, accurate to 50 m",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-20",
      "coordinate_source": "epa frs point",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-20",
      "site_address": "6910 Tower RD SW, Cedar Rapids, IA 52404",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110040471414",
      "published": "2026-10-20",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-20",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/iea-sbd-9403-aegon-data-center-cedar-rapids-ia",
      "source": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110040471414",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EPA ECHO detailed facility report: Iea, SBD, 9403- Aegon Data Center",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110040471414",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": []
    },
    {
      "slug": "lightedge-data-center-papillion-ne",
      "name": "Lightedge Data Center",
      "summary": "The EPA's facility registry lists Lightedge Data Center at 1148 American Pkwy, Papillion, NE 68046 in Papillion, Nebraska, with an air permit.",
      "state": "NE",
      "city": "Papillion",
      "county": "Sarpy County",
      "status": "not_verified",
      "developer": null,
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 41.15944,
      "longitude": -96.02598,
      "location_precision": "permit_point",
      "location_source": "EPA ECHO facility record 110045866602: the registry placed its point by address matching house number, accurate to 30 m",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-20",
      "coordinate_source": "epa frs point",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-20",
      "site_address": "1148 American Pkwy, Papillion, NE 68046",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110045866602",
      "published": "2026-10-20",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-20",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/lightedge-data-center-papillion-ne",
      "source": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110045866602",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EPA ECHO detailed facility report: Lightedge Data Center",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110045866602",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": []
    },
    {
      "slug": "applied-digital-harwood-data-center-nd",
      "name": "Applied Digital Polaris Forge 2 (Harwood)",
      "summary": "Applied Digital began construction of a 280MW data center in Harwood in September 2025, representing a 3 billion dollar investment; North Dakota Public Service Commission approved a temporary variance for the 110 million dollar power project serving the campus.",
      "state": "ND",
      "city": "Harwood",
      "county": "Cass",
      "status": "under_construction",
      "developer": "Applied Digital",
      "capacity_mw": 280,
      "latitude": 46.97196,
      "longitude": -96.87628,
      "location_precision": "city",
      "location_source": "U.S. Census Bureau 2020 Gazetteer, internal point of Harwood city (GEOID 3835940), public domain, until a source places the site",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": null,
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-28",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/applied-digital-harwood-data-center-nd",
      "source": "https://kfgo.com/2026/09/10/proposed-harwood-charter-amendment-looking-to-make-indrustrial-negotiations-more-transparent/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Proposed Harwood charter amendment looking to make industrial negotiations more transparent - The Mighty 790 KFGO",
          "url": "https://kfgo.com/2026/09/10/proposed-harwood-charter-amendment-looking-to-make-indrustrial-negotiations-more-transparent/",
          "publisher": "The Mighty 790 KFGO",
          "date": "2026-09-10",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Data centers discussed at Harwood public forum - InForum",
          "url": "https://www.inforum.com/news/north-dakota/data-centers-discussed-at-harwood-public-forum",
          "publisher": "InForum",
          "date": "2026-08-28",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "U.S. data center boom comes to ND - - Minot Daily News",
          "url": "https://www.minotdailynews.com/news/local-news/2026/05/u-s-data-center-boom-comes-to-nd/",
          "publisher": "Minot Daily News",
          "date": "2026-05-07",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "North Dakota utility regulators advance power project for data center - North Dakota Monitor",
          "url": "https://northdakotamonitor.com/briefs/north-dakota-utility-regulators-advance-power-project-for-data-center/",
          "publisher": "North Dakota Monitor",
          "date": "2026-04-15",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Inside the AI 'small city' data center rising from the plains - Grand Forks Herald",
          "url": "https://www.grandforksherald.com/news/north-dakota/inside-the-ai-small-city-data-center-rising-from-the-plains",
          "publisher": "Grand Forks Herald",
          "date": "2026-09-13",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Applied Digital to Break Ground on $3 Billion Polaris Forge 2 Campus in September 2025, Expanding North Dakota’s Role as a National AI Infrastructure Leader - Applied Digital Corporation (APLD)",
          "url": "https://news.google.com/rss/articles/CBMixAFBVV95cUxQTE1HeWFKekd0ZUFDMHhWSV8zdTF2Z29aeHpEeTlNdUdXd2duUVA4OVBKYXN3cm9fWVI3V29KSUFEQXlPTlRLMkRWQjg2N1BPOE5QTzNkSk9ydE5FZWZzWkZSeVdxRDBIVTV5SnN6aEduSWNJY0FFZGozWlZJZlJNU3pINExPanpCMm9uVkNqWEYxc2pEd05yUmVuNGJjWEdoQjZFZXpidm1XRkdtaDlSQTlFQ3pYeFgydGROZEQxbl8tQm1Q?oc=5",
          "publisher": "Applied Digital Corporation (APLD)",
          "date": "2025-08-18",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Applied Digital Pouring $3 Billion Into North Dakota Data Center Campus - CRN",
          "url": "https://www.crn.com/news/data-center/2025/applied-digital-pouring-3-billion-into-north-dakota-data-center-campus",
          "publisher": "CRN",
          "date": "2025-08-19",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "ND announces $3 billion data center, energy providers prepare - KELOLAND.com",
          "url": "https://www.keloland.com/keloland-com-original/nd-announces-3-billion-data-center-energy-providers-prepare/",
          "publisher": "KELOLAND.com",
          "date": "2025-08-19",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Company announces plan for $3 billion data center north of Fargo - North Dakota Monitor",
          "url": "https://news.google.com/rss/articles/CBMinAFBVV95cUxPUFlQLWRWWkhlcFZCd1IyN0tUX0ZWT0xBMTl5N1VSVXhQWHVWTlUyckNnR2EwTDBZcEhaTmxYbkkwaUw0WUNraTJ5UVIxQnE1c1hPUExFWllsTWZmUzVNQldKV3JBdTZUNnlPVlRwMEM4Wnp1enByWXFkTzhPZFEyZXNseUtKZjZ0dy1qN0M4ZS15eHR1X0RMMWJ6UEk?oc=5",
          "publisher": "North Dakota Monitor",
          "date": "2025-08-18",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Harwood signs off on data center but Fargo still eyes the property - North Dakota Monitor",
          "url": "https://northdakotamonitor.com/2025/09/10/harwood-signs-off-on-data-center-but-fargo-still-eyes-the-property/",
          "publisher": "North Dakota Monitor",
          "date": "2025-09-10",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Data center proposed for Harwood prompts anger, questions from community members - North Dakota Monitor",
          "url": "https://northdakotamonitor.com/2025/08/25/data-center-proposed-for-harwood-prompts-anger-questions-from-community-members/",
          "publisher": "North Dakota Monitor",
          "date": "2025-08-25",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-13",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-13",
          "summary": "Remaining portion will open in early 2027",
          "source_url": "https://www.grandforksherald.com/news/north-dakota/inside-the-ai-small-city-data-center-rising-from-the-plains",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-13",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-13",
          "summary": "Part of Harwood data center expected to become operational by end of 2026",
          "source_url": "https://www.grandforksherald.com/news/north-dakota/inside-the-ai-small-city-data-center-rising-from-the-plains",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-13",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-13",
          "summary": "Polaris Forge 2 data center approved by Harwood City Council on September 10 2025",
          "source_url": "https://www.grandforksherald.com/news/north-dakota/inside-the-ai-small-city-data-center-rising-from-the-plains",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-10",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-10",
          "summary": "Harwood city council approved the Applied Digital data center and signed a three billion dollar deal within 21 days of initial announcement",
          "source_url": "https://kfgo.com/2026/09/10/proposed-harwood-charter-amendment-looking-to-make-indrustrial-negotiations-more-transparent/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-28",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-28",
          "summary": "Applied Digital data center expected to be operational in early 2027",
          "source_url": "https://www.inforum.com/news/north-dakota/data-centers-discussed-at-harwood-public-forum",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-28",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-28",
          "summary": "Applied Digital is building 3 billion dollar data center on 160 acres near Harwood",
          "source_url": "https://www.inforum.com/news/north-dakota/data-centers-discussed-at-harwood-public-forum",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-05-07",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Applied Digital began construction of a 280MW data center in Harwood in September 2025, representing a 3 billion dollar investment; North Dakota Public Service Commission approved a temporary variance for the 110 million dollar power project serving the campus.",
          "source_url": "https://www.minotdailynews.com/news/local-news/2026/05/u-s-data-center-boom-comes-to-nd/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "applied-digital-polaris-forge-1-ellendale-nd",
      "name": "Applied Digital Polaris Forge 1 (Ellendale)",
      "summary": "Applied Digital completed Phase 1 of Building 2 at Polaris Forge 1 near Ellendale, bringing total live campus capacity to 175MW, with 400MW contracted at full build out under an 11 billion dollar, 15 year agreement with CoreWeave.",
      "state": "ND",
      "city": "Ellendale",
      "county": "Dickey",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Applied Digital",
      "capacity_mw": 400,
      "latitude": 46.00435,
      "longitude": -98.52535,
      "location_precision": "city",
      "location_source": "U.S. Census Bureau 2020 Gazetteer, internal point of Ellendale city (GEOID 3823220), public domain, until a source places the site",
      "location_verified_at": null,
      "coordinate_source": null,
      "location_last_verified": null,
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-28",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-16",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "energized",
      "interconnection_source_url": "https://www.misoenergy.org/planning/generator-interconnection/GI_Queue/",
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/applied-digital-polaris-forge-1-ellendale-nd",
      "source": "https://www.jamestownsun.com/news/north-dakota/officials-tout-population-growth-larger-tax-base-other-benefits-of-data-centers-in-north-dakota",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Officials tout population growth, larger tax base, other benefits of data centers in North Dakota - Jamestown Sun",
          "url": "https://www.jamestownsun.com/news/north-dakota/officials-tout-population-growth-larger-tax-base-other-benefits-of-data-centers-in-north-dakota",
          "publisher": "Jamestown Sun",
          "date": "2026-09-09",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Officials tout population growth, larger tax base, other benefits of data centers in North Dakota - InForum",
          "url": "https://www.inforum.com/news/north-dakota/officials-tout-population-growth-larger-tax-base-other-benefits-of-data-centers-in-north-dakota",
          "publisher": "InForum",
          "date": "2026-09-09",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Applied Digital (APLD) Expands North Dakota AI Campus on Schedule - Yahoo Finance",
          "url": "https://finance.yahoo.com/technology/ai/articles/applied-digital-apld-expands-north-183640640.html",
          "publisher": "Yahoo Finance",
          "date": "2026-07-16",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "DATA CENTERS: OPERATING ON ANOTHER LEVEL - Site Selection Magazine",
          "url": "https://siteselection.com/data-centers-operating-on-another-level/",
          "publisher": "Site Selection Magazine",
          "date": "2026-04-17",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Applied Digital completes second building at North Dakota data center campus - Data Center Dynamics",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/applied-digital-completes-second-building-at-north-dakota-data-center-campus/",
          "publisher": "Data Center Dynamics",
          "date": "2026-07-02",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "U.S. data center boom comes to ND - - Minot Daily News",
          "url": "https://www.minotdailynews.com/news/local-news/2026/05/u-s-data-center-boom-comes-to-nd/",
          "publisher": "Minot Daily News",
          "date": "2026-05-07",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Data center dilemma: Who should decide where they go in North Dakota? - North Dakota Monitor",
          "url": "https://northdakotamonitor.com/2026/05/11/data-center-dilemma-who-should-decide-where-they-go-in-north-dakota/",
          "publisher": "North Dakota Monitor",
          "date": "2026-05-11",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "US EPA ECHO Detailed Facility Report: Applied Digital Ellendale Campus (FRS 110071528410, North Dakota DEQ Air Permit)",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110071528410",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "MISO Generator and Large Load Interconnection Queue: Montana Dakota Utilities Ellendale Substation Upgrade",
          "url": "https://www.misoenergy.org/planning/generator-interconnection/GI_Queue/",
          "publisher": "Midcontinent Independent System Operator",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "Applied Digital Brings an Additional 75 MW of AI Infrastructure Online at Polaris Forge 1",
          "url": "https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/161/applied-digital-brings-an-additional-75-mw-of-ai",
          "publisher": "Applied Digital",
          "date": "2026-10-02",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-02",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-10-02",
          "summary": "Applied Digital announced that 250 MW of critical IT load is now operational at its Polaris Forge 1 campus in Ellendale, North Dakota, after the second phase of Building 2 reached Ready for Service, adding 75 MW across three 25 MW data halls; the fully leased campus is contracted to deliver 400 MW of critical IT load at full buildout.",
          "source_url": "https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/161/applied-digital-brings-an-additional-75-mw-of-ai",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-09",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-09",
          "summary": "The city of Ellendale annexed Applied Digital's property in early 2025.",
          "source_url": "https://www.inforum.com/news/north-dakota/officials-tout-population-growth-larger-tax-base-other-benefits-of-data-centers-in-north-dakota",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-09",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-09",
          "summary": "City of Ellendale annexed Applied Digital's property in early 2025",
          "source_url": "https://www.jamestownsun.com/news/north-dakota/officials-tout-population-growth-larger-tax-base-other-benefits-of-data-centers-in-north-dakota",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-07-02",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Applied Digital completed Phase 1 of Building 2 at Polaris Forge 1 near Ellendale, bringing total live campus capacity to 175MW, with 400MW contracted at full build out under an 11 billion dollar, 15 year agreement with CoreWeave.",
          "source_url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/applied-digital-completes-second-building-at-north-dakota-data-center-campus/",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "applied-digital-north-dakota-oliver-county-third-data-center-nd",
      "name": "Applied Digital Polaris Forge 3 (Oliver County)",
      "summary": "Applied Digital is expanding in North Dakota and eyeing Oliver County for a third data center.",
      "state": "ND",
      "city": null,
      "county": "Oliver",
      "status": "under_construction",
      "developer": "Applied Digital",
      "capacity_mw": 430,
      "latitude": 47.1180789,
      "longitude": -101.3314198,
      "location_precision": "county",
      "location_source": "U.S. Census Bureau internal point of Oliver County (GEOID 38065), public domain, until a source places the site",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "wikidata county seat",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-07",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": "https://www.inforum.com/news/north-dakota/officials-tout-population-growth-larger-tax-base-other-benefits-of-data-centers-in-north-dakota",
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/applied-digital-north-dakota-oliver-county-third-data-center-nd",
      "source": "https://datacenters.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/energy-cooling-sustainability/ai-data-centers-pivot-to-industrial-boilers-for-power-amid-turbine-delays/134043037?utm_source=top_news&utm_medium=homepage",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "AI data centers pivot to industrial boilers for power amid turbine delays - ET Datacenters",
          "url": "https://datacenters.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/energy-cooling-sustainability/ai-data-centers-pivot-to-industrial-boilers-for-power-amid-turbine-delays/134043037?utm_source=top_news&utm_medium=homepage",
          "publisher": "ET Datacenters",
          "date": "2026-09-11",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "West Fargo residents to discuss data center development - InForum",
          "url": "https://www.inforum.com/news/west-fargo/west-fargo-residents-to-discuss-data-center-development",
          "publisher": "InForum",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Montana-Dakota Utilities Announces Electric Service Agreement with Applied Digital for Proposed AI Factory - PR Newswire",
          "url": "https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/montana-dakota-utilities-announces-electric-service-agreement-with-applied-digital-for-proposed-ai-factory-302806791.html",
          "publisher": "PR Newswire",
          "date": "2026-06-22",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Applied Digital completes second building at North Dakota data center campus - Data Center Dynamics",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/applied-digital-completes-second-building-at-north-dakota-data-center-campus/",
          "publisher": "Data Center Dynamics",
          "date": "2026-07-02",
          "source_tier": 3
        },
        {
          "title": "Port: Data center company Applied Digital expects to be one of the largest taxpayers in North Dakota history - InForum",
          "url": "https://www.inforum.com/opinion/columns/port-data-center-company-applied-digital-expects-to-be-one-of-the-largest-taxpayers-in-north-dakota-history",
          "publisher": "InForum",
          "date": "2026-09-01",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Applied Digital expands in North Dakota, eyes Oliver County for third data center - Valley News Live",
          "url": "https://www.valleynewslive.com/2026/07/13/applied-digital-expands-north-dakota-eyes-oliver-county-third-data-center/",
          "publisher": "Valley News Live",
          "date": "2026-07-13",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Applied Digital Reaches Significant Milestone, Surpassing 1 GW of Contracted Capacity with U.S. Based High Investment Grade Hyperscaler Lease at Fourth Campus, Polaris Forge 3",
          "url": "https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/152/applied-digital-reaches-significant-milestone-surpassing-1",
          "publisher": "Applied Digital",
          "date": "2026-05-20",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "Applied Digital Reports Fiscal First Quarter 2027 Results",
          "url": "https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/163/applied-digital-reports-fiscal-first-quarter-2027-results",
          "publisher": "Applied Digital",
          "date": "2026-10-07",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "Applied Digital annual report for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2026",
          "url": "https://ir.applieddigital.com/sec-filings/all-sec-filings/content/0001144879-26-000048/apld-20260531.htm",
          "publisher": "Applied Digital",
          "date": "2026-07-29",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-10-07",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-10-07",
          "summary": "Applied Digital's fiscal first quarter 2027 results release calls Oliver County, North Dakota, and Center, North Dakota, home to Polaris Forge 3, and lists Polaris Forge 3 among the campuses that are in various stages of construction.",
          "source_url": "https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/163/applied-digital-reports-fiscal-first-quarter-2027-results",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-11",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-11",
          "summary": "Applied Digital facility in North Dakota is expected to be operational by late 2028",
          "source_url": "https://datacenters.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/energy-cooling-sustainability/ai-data-centers-pivot-to-industrial-boilers-for-power-amid-turbine-delays/134043037?utm_source=top_news&utm_medium=homepage",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-11",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-11",
          "summary": "Applied Digital signed a 2.4 billion dollar design and build agreement with Base Electron",
          "source_url": "https://datacenters.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/energy-cooling-sustainability/ai-data-centers-pivot-to-industrial-boilers-for-power-amid-turbine-delays/134043037?utm_source=top_news&utm_medium=homepage",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-11",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-11",
          "summary": "Applied Digital ordered 1.2 gigawatts of industrial boiler fed steam turbines for a data center in North Dakota",
          "source_url": "https://datacenters.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/energy-cooling-sustainability/ai-data-centers-pivot-to-industrial-boilers-for-power-amid-turbine-delays/134043037?utm_source=top_news&utm_medium=homepage",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "under_construction",
          "effective_at": "2026-07-29",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-07-29",
          "summary": "Applied Digital's annual report for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2026 says Polaris Forge 3 is a 300 MW critical IT load data center campus in its northern United States region and is currently under construction across two buildings, with delivery expected to begin in the second half of calendar year 2027 and run through the second half of calendar year 2028.",
          "source_url": "https://ir.applieddigital.com/sec-filings/all-sec-filings/content/0001144879-26-000048/apld-20260531.htm",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "status": "proposed",
          "effective_at": "2026-06-22",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": null,
          "summary": "Montana Dakota Utilities signed an electric service agreement to provide 430 megawatts of power to Applied Digital's Polaris Forge 3 near Center, North Dakota, with initial operations anticipated in August 2027.",
          "source_url": "https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/montana-dakota-utilities-announces-electric-service-agreement-with-applied-digital-for-proposed-ai-factory-302806791.html",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-05-20",
          "date_basis": "content",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-05-20",
          "summary": "Applied Digital announced on May 20, 2026 that it entered into 15 year take or pay leases for Polaris Forge 3, its fourth AI Factory campus, with a U.S. based high investment grade hyperscaler the release does not name, valued at approximately $7.5 billion in base term contracted revenue for 300 MW of critical IT load, and said initial operations are anticipated to commence in August 2027.",
          "source_url": "https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/152/applied-digital-reaches-significant-milestone-surpassing-1",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "google-papillion-data-center-ne",
      "name": "Google Papillion data center",
      "summary": "Google lists a data center at Papillion, Nebraska among the sites it operates.",
      "state": "NE",
      "city": "Papillion",
      "county": "Sarpy County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Google",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 41.13651,
      "longitude": -96.04617,
      "location_precision": "permit_point",
      "location_source": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110071854707",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-04",
      "coordinate_source": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110071854707",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-04",
      "site_address": "14865 Gold Cost Road, Papillion, NE 68138",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110071854707",
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-04",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/google-papillion-data-center-ne",
      "source": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110071854707",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EPA ECHO detailed facility report: Fireball Group LLC Data Center",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110071854707",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "Google: Data center locations",
          "url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
          "publisher": "Google",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "Google to open new data center in Sarpy County - 3newsnow.com",
          "url": "https://www.3newsnow.com/news/local-news/google-to-open-new-data-center-in-sarpy-county",
          "publisher": "3newsnow.com",
          "date": "2019-10-04",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "Google lists Google Papillion data center at Papillion, Nebraska on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2019-10-04",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2019-10-04",
          "summary": "Google to open new data center in Sarpy County",
          "source_url": "https://www.3newsnow.com/news/local-news/google-to-open-new-data-center-in-sarpy-county",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "emerson-global-data-center-marshalltown-ia",
      "name": "Emerson Global Data Center",
      "summary": "The EPA facility registry lists Emerson's internal corporate engineering and enterprise data center at 1704 South Governor Road in Marshalltown, Marshall County, Iowa.",
      "state": "IA",
      "city": "Marshalltown",
      "county": "Marshall County",
      "status": "not_verified",
      "developer": null,
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 42.028327,
      "longitude": -92.89345,
      "location_precision": "permit_point",
      "location_source": "EPA ECHO facility record 110037595992: the registry placed its point by address matching house number, accurate to 50 m",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-03",
      "coordinate_source": "epa frs point",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-03",
      "site_address": "1704 S Governor RD, Marshalltown, IA 50158",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110037595992",
      "published": "2026-10-03",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-03",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/emerson-global-data-center-marshalltown-ia",
      "source": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110037595992",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EPA ECHO detailed facility report: Emerson Global Data Center",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110037595992",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": []
    },
    {
      "slug": "hb-fuller-co-data-center-arden-hills-mn",
      "name": "HB Fuller Co, Data Center, Arden Hills",
      "summary": "The EPA facility registry lists H.B. Fuller Company's internal corporate enterprise IT facility at 1275 Grey Fox Road in Arden Hills, Ramsey County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Arden Hills",
      "county": "Ramsey County",
      "status": "not_verified",
      "developer": null,
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 45.053815,
      "longitude": -93.154176,
      "location_precision": "permit_point",
      "location_source": "EPA ECHO facility record 110001447257: the registry placed its point by address matching house number, accurate to 50 m",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-03",
      "coordinate_source": "epa frs point",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-03",
      "site_address": "1275 Grey Fox RD, Arden Hills, MN 55112",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110001447257",
      "published": "2026-10-03",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-03",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/hb-fuller-co-data-center-arden-hills-mn",
      "source": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110001447257",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EPA ECHO detailed facility report: HB Fuller Co, Data Center, Arden Hills",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110001447257",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": []
    },
    {
      "slug": "medtronic-data-center-woodbury-mn",
      "name": "Medtronic Data Center",
      "summary": "The EPA facility registry lists Medtronic's internal corporate medical technology enterprise data center at 515 Bielenberg Drive in Woodbury, Washington County, Minnesota.",
      "state": "MN",
      "city": "Woodbury",
      "county": "Washington County",
      "status": "not_verified",
      "developer": null,
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 44.94291,
      "longitude": -92.9543,
      "location_precision": "permit_point",
      "location_source": "EPA ECHO facility record 110024871664: the registry placed its point by address matching house number, accurate to 30 m",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-10-03",
      "coordinate_source": "epa frs point",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-10-03",
      "site_address": "515 Bielenberg DR, Woodbury, MN 55125",
      "site_address_source_url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110024871664",
      "published": "2026-10-03",
      "last_verified": "2026-10-03",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/medtronic-data-center-woodbury-mn",
      "source": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110024871664",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "EPA ECHO detailed facility report: Medtronic Data Center",
          "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/detailed-facility-report?fid=110024871664",
          "publisher": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency",
          "date": null,
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": []
    },
    {
      "slug": "lincoln-data-center-ne",
      "name": "Lincoln Data Center",
      "summary": "A Lincoln data center prompted construction of a $10 million wastewater line to transport cooling water to a recovery site, with construction beginning in June 2026.",
      "state": "NE",
      "city": "Lincoln",
      "county": "Lancaster County",
      "status": "rumored",
      "developer": null,
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 40.80917,
      "longitude": -96.67806,
      "location_precision": "county",
      "location_source": "County seat (Lincoln), Wikidata, placed at county level",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "wikidata county seat",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-25",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": "more than Lincoln's total power demand",
      "power_source_url": "https://omaha.com/news/state-regional/article_806d4622-c700-4f70-9657-de8d69b40247.html",
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/lincoln-data-center-ne",
      "source": "https://omaha.com/news/state-regional/article_806d4622-c700-4f70-9657-de8d69b40247.html",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Google proposes Nebraska data center requiring more power than all of Lincoln",
          "url": "https://omaha.com/news/state-regional/article_806d4622-c700-4f70-9657-de8d69b40247.html",
          "publisher": "omaha.com",
          "date": "2026-03-19",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Construction begins on $10 million wastewater line to transport cooling water from Lincoln data center to recovery site - KOLN | Nebraska Local News, Weather, Sports | Lincoln, NE",
          "url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/06/04/construction-begins-10-million-wastewater-line-transport-cooling-water-lincoln-data-center-recovery-site/",
          "publisher": "KOLN | Nebraska Local News, Weather, Sports | Lincoln, NE",
          "date": "2026-06-04",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Construction begins on $10 million wastewater line to transport cooling water from Lincoln data center to recovery site - 1011now.com",
          "url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/06/04/construction-begins-10-million-wastewater-line-transport-cooling-water-lincoln-data-center-recovery-site/",
          "publisher": "1011now.com",
          "date": "2026-06-04",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": []
    },
    {
      "slug": "rapid-city-data-center-sd",
      "name": "Rapid City Data Center",
      "summary": "A data center project in Rapid City is moving forward with concerns raised about heat and resource impacts.",
      "state": "SD",
      "city": "Rapid City",
      "county": "Pennington County",
      "status": "rumored",
      "developer": null,
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 44.08106,
      "longitude": -103.22867,
      "location_precision": "county",
      "location_source": "County seat (Rapid City), Wikidata, placed at county level",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "wikidata county seat",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-25",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": 10,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "third_party_estimate",
      "site_acres_source_url": "https://rapidcityjournal.com/news/local/government-politics/article_04487858-ca91-44ac-99fc-35cb2c97fb3c.html",
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/rapid-city-data-center-sd",
      "source": "https://www.kotatv.com/2026/07/02/south-dakota-drought-strains-power-grid-rapid-city-data-center-moves-forward/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Heat raises resource concerns as Rapid City data center moves forward - KOTA Territory News",
          "url": "https://www.kotatv.com/2026/07/02/south-dakota-drought-strains-power-grid-rapid-city-data-center-moves-forward/",
          "publisher": "KOTA Territory News",
          "date": "2026-07-02",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Possible amendments to Rapid City’s data center ordinance could prompt planned data center to pull out",
          "url": "https://rapidcityjournal.com/news/local/government-politics/article_04487858-ca91-44ac-99fc-35cb2c97fb3c.html",
          "publisher": "Rapid City Journal",
          "date": "2026-09-17",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Sequitor Edge targets 2MW facility in Rapid City, South Dakota",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/sequitor-edge-targets-2mw-facility-in-rapid-city-south-dakota/",
          "publisher": "www.datacenterdynamics.com",
          "date": "2026-02-12",
          "source_tier": 3
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": []
    },
    {
      "slug": "monolith-data-center-expansion-hallam-ne",
      "name": "Monolith Data Center Expansion (Hallam)",
      "summary": "Monolith is proposing a data center expansion near Hallam, Nebraska, with landowners facing decisions about selling and residents attending a town hall to discuss the project.",
      "state": "NE",
      "city": "Hallam",
      "county": "Lancaster",
      "status": "rumored",
      "developer": "Monolith",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 40.80917,
      "longitude": -96.67806,
      "location_precision": "county",
      "location_source": "County seat (Lincoln), Wikidata, placed at county level",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "wikidata county seat",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-18",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/monolith-data-center-expansion-hallam-ne",
      "source": "https://omaha.com/eedition/sunrise/articles/article_5af1a464-3063-5df9-83e9-065c14045b7c.html",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Monolith data center nears approval",
          "url": "https://omaha.com/eedition/sunrise/articles/article_5af1a464-3063-5df9-83e9-065c14045b7c.html",
          "publisher": "Omaha World-Herald",
          "date": "2026-09-18",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Hallam landowners face stark choice on data center - nebraskapublicmedia.org",
          "url": "https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/en/news/news-articles/hallam-landowners-face-stark-choice-on-data-center/",
          "publisher": "nebraskapublicmedia.org",
          "date": "2026-08-24",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Data center developers eyeing land near Hallam - 1011now.com",
          "url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/08/27/data-center-developers-eyeing-land-near-hallam/",
          "publisher": "1011now.com",
          "date": "2026-08-27",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Hallam residents pack town hall for Monolith's proposed data center expansion - nebraskapublicmedia.org",
          "url": "https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/en/news/news-articles/hallam-residents-pack-town-hall-for-monoliths-proposed-data-center-expansion/",
          "publisher": "nebraskapublicmedia.org",
          "date": "2026-07-24",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Monolith seeks to build data center in Hallam, application to be submitted by mid-July - 1011now.com",
          "url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/07/10/monolith-seeks-build-data-center-hallam-application-be-submitted-by-mid-july/",
          "publisher": "1011now.com",
          "date": "2026-07-10",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "‘We need to embrace it’: Hallam commission hears data center plans - nebraskapublicmedia.org",
          "url": "https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/en/news/news-articles/we-need-to-embrace-it-hallam-commission-hears-data-center-plans/",
          "publisher": "nebraskapublicmedia.org",
          "date": "2026-07-16",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Nebraska carbon black plant set to host data center - Data Center Dynamics",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/nebraska-carbon-black-plant-set-to-host-data-center/",
          "publisher": "Data Center Dynamics",
          "date": "2026-07-13",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Hallam planning commission delays vote on Monolith’s proposed data center - nebraskapublicmedia.org",
          "url": "https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/es/news/news-articles/hallam-planning-commission-delays-vote-on-monoliths-proposed-data-center/",
          "publisher": "nebraskapublicmedia.org",
          "date": "2026-08-20",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-18",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-18",
          "summary": "Phase 1 expansion would take about 18 months and increase production to 220,000 tons per year of carbon black",
          "source_url": "https://omaha.com/eedition/sunrise/articles/article_5af1a464-3063-5df9-83e9-065c14045b7c.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "data-center-near-hallam-unnamed-developers-ne",
      "name": "Data Center near Hallam (unnamed developers)",
      "summary": "Unnamed data center developers are eyeing land near Hallam, with landowners facing choices about the proposed project.",
      "state": "NE",
      "city": "Hallam",
      "county": "Lancaster",
      "status": "rumored",
      "developer": null,
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 40.80917,
      "longitude": -96.67806,
      "location_precision": "county",
      "location_source": "County seat (Lincoln), Wikidata, placed at county level",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "wikidata county seat",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-17",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/data-center-near-hallam-unnamed-developers-ne",
      "source": "https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/en/news/news-articles/hallam-landowners-face-stark-choice-on-data-center/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Hallam landowners face stark choice on data center - nebraskapublicmedia.org",
          "url": "https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/en/news/news-articles/hallam-landowners-face-stark-choice-on-data-center/",
          "publisher": "nebraskapublicmedia.org",
          "date": "2026-08-24",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Data center developers eyeing land near Hallam - 1011now.com",
          "url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/08/27/data-center-developers-eyeing-land-near-hallam/",
          "publisher": "1011now.com",
          "date": "2026-08-27",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Hallam landowners face stark choice on data center - nebraskapublicmedia.org",
          "url": "https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/en/news/news-articles/hallam-landowners-face-stark-choice-on-data-center/",
          "publisher": "nebraskapublicmedia.org",
          "date": "2026-08-24",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-27",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-27",
          "summary": "Sagebrush Infrastructure Partners LLC obtained options on more than 1,500 acres of land worth over 8 million dollars near Hallam",
          "source_url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/08/27/data-center-developers-eyeing-land-near-hallam/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-27",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-27",
          "summary": "Stark Power, an Israel based company, bought Sagebrush Infrastructure Partners in June",
          "source_url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/08/27/data-center-developers-eyeing-land-near-hallam/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-27",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-27",
          "summary": "The project is located near Nebraska Public Power District's Sheldon Power and Princeton Road stations",
          "source_url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/08/27/data-center-developers-eyeing-land-near-hallam/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-27",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-27",
          "summary": "Developers offered Hallam farmer Darin Schwaninger tens of thousands of dollars per acre in February",
          "source_url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/08/27/data-center-developers-eyeing-land-near-hallam/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-24",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-24",
          "summary": "Stark Power, based in Tel Aviv, Israel, acquired Sagebrush Infrastructure in June",
          "source_url": "https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/en/news/news-articles/hallam-landowners-face-stark-choice-on-data-center/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-24",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-24",
          "summary": "Purchase agreements signed anywhere from December 2025 to mid March 2026",
          "source_url": "https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/en/news/news-articles/hallam-landowners-face-stark-choice-on-data-center/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-24",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-24",
          "summary": "Nebraska Public Power District's Princeton Road Station in Hallam set to begin operating in 2029",
          "source_url": "https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/en/news/news-articles/hallam-landowners-face-stark-choice-on-data-center/",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "google-lincoln-data-center-ne",
      "name": "Google Lincoln Data Center",
      "summary": "Google shared an update on its data center project in Lincoln, Nebraska.",
      "state": "NE",
      "city": "Lincoln",
      "county": "Lancaster County",
      "status": "rumored",
      "developer": "Google",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 40.80917,
      "longitude": -96.67806,
      "location_precision": "county",
      "location_source": "County seat (Lincoln), Wikidata, placed at county level",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "wikidata county seat",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-17",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/google-lincoln-data-center-ne",
      "source": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/08/18/gov-pillen-appoints-17-members-nebraska-data-center-task-force/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Gov. Pillen appoints 17 members to Nebraska Data Center Task Force - KOLN | Nebraska Local News, Weather, Sports | Lincoln, NE",
          "url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/08/18/gov-pillen-appoints-17-members-nebraska-data-center-task-force/",
          "publisher": "KOLN | Nebraska Local News, Weather, Sports | Lincoln, NE",
          "date": "2026-08-18",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Google shares update on Lincoln data center - KLKN-TV",
          "url": "https://www.klkntv.com/google-shares-update-on-lincoln-data-center/",
          "publisher": "KLKN-TV",
          "date": "2026-08-06",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Google: Data center locations",
          "url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
          "publisher": "Google",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "Construction begins on $10 million wastewater line to transport cooling water from Lincoln data center to recovery site - 1011now.com",
          "url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/06/04/construction-begins-10-million-wastewater-line-transport-cooling-water-lincoln-data-center-recovery-site/",
          "publisher": "1011now.com",
          "date": "2026-06-04",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-18",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-18",
          "summary": "The task force's first meeting was anticipated in September 2026",
          "source_url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/08/18/gov-pillen-appoints-17-members-nebraska-data-center-task-force/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-06-04",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-06-04",
          "summary": "Construction begins on wastewater line for Lincoln data center cooling water",
          "source_url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/06/04/construction-begins-10-million-wastewater-line-transport-cooling-water-lincoln-data-center-recovery-site/",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "google-omaha-data-center-ne",
      "name": "Google Omaha data center",
      "summary": "Google lists a data center at Omaha, Nebraska among the sites it operates.",
      "state": "NE",
      "city": "Omaha",
      "county": "Douglas County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Google",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 41.2635468,
      "longitude": -96.0563975,
      "location_precision": "city",
      "location_source": "U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb city centroid, public domain",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-14",
      "coordinate_source": "tigerweb city centroid",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-14",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-17",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/google-omaha-data-center-ne",
      "source": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Google: Data center locations",
          "url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
          "publisher": "Google",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "Google lists Google Omaha data center at Omaha, Nebraska on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://datacenters.google/locations/",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "grand-island-data-center-ne",
      "name": "Grand Island Data Center",
      "summary": "A data center in east Grand Island was nearing completion as of June 2026, with the city utilities director commenting on its impact.",
      "state": "NE",
      "city": "Grand Island",
      "county": "Hall County",
      "status": "rumored",
      "developer": null,
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 40.92428,
      "longitude": -98.33869,
      "location_precision": "county",
      "location_source": "County seat (Grand Island), Wikidata, placed at county level",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "wikidata county seat",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-17",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/grand-island-data-center-ne",
      "source": "https://www.centralnebraskatoday.com/2026/06/26/data-center-nearing-completion-in-east-grand-island/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Data center nearing completion in east Grand Island - Central Nebraska Today",
          "url": "https://www.centralnebraskatoday.com/2026/06/26/data-center-nearing-completion-in-east-grand-island/",
          "publisher": "Central Nebraska Today",
          "date": "2026-06-26",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "City Utilities Director Ryan Schmitz comments about new G.I. data center - Central Nebraska Today",
          "url": "https://www.centralnebraskatoday.com/2026/06/26/city-utilities-director-ryan-schmitz-comments-about-new-g-i-data-center/",
          "publisher": "Central Nebraska Today",
          "date": "2026-06-26",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "City Utilities Director Ryan Schmitz comments about new G.I. data center - Central Nebraska Today",
          "url": "https://www.centralnebraskatoday.com/2026/06/26/city-utilities-director-ryan-schmitz-comments-about-new-g-i-data-center/",
          "publisher": "Central Nebraska Today",
          "date": "2026-06-26",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": []
    },
    {
      "slug": "h5-omaha-ne",
      "name": "H5 Omaha",
      "summary": "H5 Data Centers lists a data center at Omaha, Nebraska among the sites it operates.",
      "state": "NE",
      "city": "Omaha",
      "county": "Douglas County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "H5 Data Centers",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 41.2635468,
      "longitude": -96.0563975,
      "location_precision": "city",
      "location_source": "U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb city centroid, public domain",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-14",
      "coordinate_source": "tigerweb city centroid",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-14",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-17",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/h5-omaha-ne",
      "source": "https://h5datacenters.com/data-centers.html",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "H5 Data Centers: Data centers",
          "url": "https://h5datacenters.com/data-centers.html",
          "publisher": "H5 Data Centers",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "H5 Data Centers lists H5 Omaha at Omaha, Nebraska on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://h5datacenters.com/data-centers.html",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "kearney-data-center-ne",
      "name": "Kearney Data Center",
      "summary": "Kearney approved the first step to bring a data center to town and its Planning Commission discussed code amendments related to data centers.",
      "state": "NE",
      "city": "Kearney",
      "county": "Buffalo County",
      "status": "rumored",
      "developer": null,
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 40.7,
      "longitude": -99.08333,
      "location_precision": "county",
      "location_source": "County seat (Kearney), Wikidata, placed at county level",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "wikidata county seat",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-17",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/kearney-data-center-ne",
      "source": "https://metro.newschannelnebraska.com/story/363530628/kearney-city-council-unanimously-approves-project-horizon-data-center",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Kearney City Council unanimously approves Project Horizon data center - Metro News Channel Nebraska",
          "url": "https://metro.newschannelnebraska.com/story/363530628/kearney-city-council-unanimously-approves-project-horizon-data-center",
          "publisher": "Metro News Channel Nebraska",
          "date": "2026-09-09",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Data center conditional use permit to be discussed at Kearney Planning Commission meeting - Central Nebraska Today",
          "url": "https://www.centralnebraskatoday.com/2026/08/18/data-center-conditional-use-permit-to-be-discussed-at-kearney-planning-commission-meeting/",
          "publisher": "Central Nebraska Today",
          "date": "2026-08-18",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Kearney City Council approves Project Horizon data center - KHGI",
          "url": "https://nebraska.tv/news/local/kearney-city-council-approves-project-horizon-data-center",
          "publisher": "KHGI",
          "date": "2026-09-09",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Kearney OKs first step to bring data center to town - KHGI",
          "url": "https://nebraska.tv/news/local/kearney-oks-first-step-to-bring-data-center-to-town",
          "publisher": "KHGI",
          "date": "2026-08-21",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Kearney Planning Commission to discuss data center code amendments at upcoming meeting - Central Nebraska Today",
          "url": "https://www.centralnebraskatoday.com/2026/08/17/kearney-planning-commission-to-discuss-data-center-code-amendments-at-upcoming-meeting/",
          "publisher": "Central Nebraska Today",
          "date": "2026-08-17",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Data center conditional use permit to be discussed by Kearney city council tonight - Central Nebraska Today",
          "url": "https://kgfw.com/2026/09/08/data-center-conditional-use-permit-to-be-discussed-by-kearney-city-council-tonight/",
          "publisher": "Central Nebraska Today",
          "date": "2026-09-08",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Council OKs data center in Kearney",
          "url": "https://omaha.com/news/state-regional/nebraska/article_ca699e31-c46d-5f64-be36-cd2ad7a9036c.html",
          "publisher": "Omaha World-Herald",
          "date": "2026-09-11",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "368 megawatt AI data center approved in Kearney - Omaha World Herald",
          "url": "https://omaha.com/news/state-regional/nebraska/article_4eecddf4-97e4-5e78-8e2d-9bb37f8bd33d.html",
          "publisher": "Omaha World-Herald",
          "date": "2026-09-09",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Kearney OKs first step to bring data center to town - KHGI",
          "url": "https://nebraska.tv/news/local/kearney-oks-first-step-to-bring-data-center-to-town",
          "publisher": "KHGI",
          "date": "2026-08-21",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-09",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-09",
          "summary": "Project will replace existing cryptocurrency mining operation at Tech One Crossing",
          "source_url": "https://metro.newschannelnebraska.com/story/363530628/kearney-city-council-unanimously-approves-project-horizon-data-center",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-09",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-09",
          "summary": "Construction could start November or December 2026 with phase one operational in spring 2028",
          "source_url": "https://nebraska.tv/news/local/kearney-city-council-approves-project-horizon-data-center",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-08",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-08",
          "summary": "Proposed facility will have 368 megawatts electrical demand with 100 megawatts existing capacity being repurposed",
          "source_url": "https://kgfw.com/2026/09/08/data-center-conditional-use-permit-to-be-discussed-by-kearney-city-council-tonight/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-18",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-18",
          "summary": "Existing 100 megawatts of capacity from cryptocurrency operation will be repurposed for first phase",
          "source_url": "https://www.centralnebraskatoday.com/2026/08/18/data-center-conditional-use-permit-to-be-discussed-at-kearney-planning-commission-meeting/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-18",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-18",
          "summary": "Sound Study indicates facility will meet maximum sound level of 55 dBA at property lines",
          "source_url": "https://www.centralnebraskatoday.com/2026/08/18/data-center-conditional-use-permit-to-be-discussed-at-kearney-planning-commission-meeting/",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-08-18",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-08-18",
          "summary": "Existing cryptocurrency mining facility will be decommissioned following completion of phase one",
          "source_url": "https://www.centralnebraskatoday.com/2026/08/18/data-center-conditional-use-permit-to-be-discussed-at-kearney-planning-commission-meeting/",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "leola-data-center-sd",
      "name": "Leola Data Center",
      "summary": "A data center project in Leola is undergoing permitting, with McPherson County postponing approval of a conditional use permit and state regulators and the county board set to decide its fate, while a potential settlement over powering the facility was reported.",
      "state": "SD",
      "city": "Leola",
      "county": "McPherson",
      "status": "rumored",
      "developer": null,
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 45.72111,
      "longitude": -98.93861,
      "location_precision": "county",
      "location_source": "County seat (Leola), Wikidata, placed at county level",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "wikidata county seat",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-17",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/leola-data-center-sd",
      "source": "https://www.yahoo.com/news/politics/articles/state-regulators-county-board-decide-211918814.html",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "State regulators, county board to decide Leola Data Center’s fate - Yahoo",
          "url": "https://www.yahoo.com/news/politics/articles/state-regulators-county-board-decide-211918814.html",
          "publisher": "Yahoo",
          "date": "2026-09-02",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Leola Data Center electricity to be served by MDU; next faces county permitting",
          "url": "https://www.sdpb.org/politics/2026-09-09/leola-data-center-electricity-to-be-served-by-mdu-next-faces-county-permitting",
          "publisher": "South Dakota Public Broadcasting",
          "date": "2026-09-09",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "McPherson County Postpones Approval Of Leola Data Center Conditional Use Permit - Aberdeen Insider",
          "url": "https://aberdeeninsider.com/mcpherson-county-postpones-approval-of-leola-data-center-conditional-use-permit/",
          "publisher": "Aberdeen Insider",
          "date": "2026-09-04",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Potential Settlement Reached Over Powering McPherson County Data Center - Dakota News Network",
          "url": "https://www.dakotanewsnetwork.com/2026/09/03/potential-settlement-reached-over-powering-mcpherson-county-data-center/",
          "publisher": "Dakota News Network",
          "date": "2026-09-03",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "State regulators, county board to decide Leola data center’s fate - KELOLAND.com",
          "url": "https://www.keloland.com/news/capitol-news-bureau/state-regulators-county-board-to-decide-leola-datas-fate/amp/",
          "publisher": "KELOLAND.com",
          "date": "2026-09-02",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "McPherson County officials want legal assurances on data center pledges - The Dakota Scout",
          "url": "https://www.thedakotascout.com/p/mcpherson-county-officials-want-legal-assurances-on-data-center-pledges",
          "publisher": "The Dakota Scout",
          "date": "2026-09-07",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Leola Data Center, Senate Candidates on Wounded Knee Medals | Sept. 9 - SDPB",
          "url": "https://www.sdpb.org/podcast/sdpb-news/2026-09-09/leola-data-center-senate-candidates-on-wounded-knee-medals-sept-9",
          "publisher": "SDPB",
          "date": "2026-09-09",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-02",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-02",
          "summary": "Leola Data Center is a 50 megawatt facility proposed in a one story building 120 feet wide by 400 feet long at 116th Street and 358th Avenue, about four miles west of Leola",
          "source_url": "https://www.yahoo.com/news/politics/articles/state-regulators-county-board-decide-211918814.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-02",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-02",
          "summary": "Construction could start this fall after conditional use permit received",
          "source_url": "https://www.yahoo.com/news/politics/articles/state-regulators-county-board-decide-211918814.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-02",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-02",
          "summary": "Montana Dakota Utilities would provide electricity to Leola Data Center in second half of 2027",
          "source_url": "https://www.yahoo.com/news/politics/articles/state-regulators-county-board-decide-211918814.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "status": "rumored",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-02",
          "date_basis": "source",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-02",
          "summary": "In 2023, South Dakota PUC approved Montana Dakota Utilities request to establish new rate available to data center type facilities housing high density computer processing technology",
          "source_url": "https://www.yahoo.com/news/politics/articles/state-regulators-county-board-decide-211918814.html",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "meta-sarpy-data-center-ne",
      "name": "Meta Sarpy Data Center",
      "summary": "Meta lists a data center at Sarpy, Nebraska among the sites it operates.",
      "state": "NE",
      "city": "Papillion",
      "county": "Sarpy County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "Meta",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 41.1150635,
      "longitude": -96.1091254,
      "location_precision": "county",
      "location_source": "U.S. Census Bureau internal point of Sarpy County (GEOID 31153), public domain, until a source places the site",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-14",
      "coordinate_source": "tigerweb city centroid",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-14",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-17",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/meta-sarpy-data-center-ne",
      "source": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/us-locations/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Meta: Our U.S. data center fleet",
          "url": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/us-locations/",
          "publisher": "Meta",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        },
        {
          "title": "Facebook Accelerates its Data Center Expansion - datacenterfrontier.com",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterfrontier.com/cloud/article/11430288/facebook-accelerates-its-data-center-expansion",
          "publisher": "datacenterfrontier.com",
          "date": "2018-03-19",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Facebook to Build Data Center in Clean Energy-Friendly Nebraska - datacenterknowledge.com",
          "url": "https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/hyperscalers/facebook-to-build-data-center-in-clean-energy-friendly-nebraska",
          "publisher": "datacenterknowledge.com",
          "date": "2024-05-30",
          "source_tier": 1
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "Meta lists Meta Sarpy Data Center at Sarpy, Nebraska on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/us-locations/",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "proposed-data-center-near-mandan-nd",
      "name": "Proposed data center near Mandan",
      "summary": "An unidentified developer has proposed a data center near Mandan, drawing public concern over proximity to schools.",
      "state": "ND",
      "city": "Mandan",
      "county": "Morton",
      "status": "rumored",
      "developer": null,
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 46.82889,
      "longitude": -100.89111,
      "location_precision": "county",
      "location_source": "County seat (Mandan), Wikidata, placed at county level",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "wikidata county seat",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-17",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/proposed-data-center-near-mandan-nd",
      "source": "https://www.kfyrtv.com/2026/08/21/proposed-data-center-near-mandan-draws-concern-over-school-proximity/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Proposed data center near Mandan draws concern over school proximity - KFYR TV",
          "url": "https://www.kfyrtv.com/2026/08/21/proposed-data-center-near-mandan-draws-concern-over-school-proximity/",
          "publisher": "KFYR TV",
          "date": "2026-08-21",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "An inside look at the Harwood data center as it nears completion - InForum",
          "url": "https://www.inforum.com/news/fargo/an-inside-look-at-the-harwood-data-center-as-it-nears-completion",
          "publisher": "InForum",
          "date": "2026-09-12",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Data center developer secures options to buy land from three Morton County landowners - KX News",
          "url": "https://www.kxnet.com/news/local-news/data-center-developer-secures-options-to-buy-land-from-three-morton-county-landowners/",
          "publisher": "KX News",
          "date": "2026-07-24",
          "source_tier": 1
        },
        {
          "title": "Stark Power hosts first public event on proposed Mandan data center project - KFYR-TV",
          "url": "https://www.kfyrtv.com/2026/08/21/stark-power-hosts-first-public-event-proposed-mandan-data-center-project/",
          "publisher": "KFYR-TV",
          "date": "2026-08-20",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Residents voice concerns over Mandan data center during town hall - North Dakota Monitor",
          "url": "https://www.newsfromthestates.com/article/residents-voice-concerns-over-mandan-data-center-during-town-hall",
          "publisher": "North Dakota Monitor",
          "date": "2026-08-21",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": []
    },
    {
      "slug": "tierpoint-omaha-ne",
      "name": "TierPoint Omaha",
      "summary": "TierPoint lists 2 data centers at Omaha, Nebraska among the sites it operates.",
      "state": "NE",
      "city": "Omaha",
      "county": "Douglas County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "TierPoint",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 41.2635468,
      "longitude": -96.0563975,
      "location_precision": "city",
      "location_source": "U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb city centroid, public domain",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-14",
      "coordinate_source": "tigerweb city centroid",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-14",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-17",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/tierpoint-omaha-ne",
      "source": "https://www.tierpoint.com/data-centers/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "TierPoint: Browse our data centers",
          "url": "https://www.tierpoint.com/data-centers/",
          "publisher": "TierPoint",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "TierPoint lists TierPoint Omaha - Bellevue Data Center, TierPoint Omaha - Midlands Data Center at Omaha, Nebraska on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://www.tierpoint.com/data-centers/",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "tierpoint-sioux-falls-sd",
      "name": "TierPoint Sioux Falls",
      "summary": "TierPoint lists 2 data centers at Sioux Falls, South Dakota among the sites it operates.",
      "state": "SD",
      "city": "Sioux Falls",
      "county": "Minnehaha County",
      "status": "operational",
      "developer": "TierPoint",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 43.5412358,
      "longitude": -96.7317655,
      "location_precision": "city",
      "location_source": "U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb city centroid, public domain",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-14",
      "coordinate_source": "tigerweb city centroid",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-14",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-14",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-17",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/tierpoint-sioux-falls-sd",
      "source": "https://www.tierpoint.com/data-centers/",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "TierPoint: Browse our data centers",
          "url": "https://www.tierpoint.com/data-centers/",
          "publisher": "TierPoint",
          "date": "2026-09-14",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": [
        {
          "status": "operational",
          "effective_at": "2026-09-14",
          "date_basis": "read",
          "date_precision": "day",
          "planned": false,
          "source_date": "2026-09-14",
          "summary": "TierPoint lists TierPoint Sioux Falls - East Data Center, TierPoint Sioux Falls - West Data Center at Sioux Falls, South Dakota on its own page of data center locations, read September 14, 2026.",
          "source_url": "https://www.tierpoint.com/data-centers/",
          "source_tier": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "slug": "winnebago-tribe-ai-data-center-ne",
      "name": "Winnebago Tribe AI Data Center",
      "summary": "The Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska hosted an AI data center teach in and announced opposition to data centers near its lands and citizens.",
      "state": "NE",
      "city": "Winnebago",
      "county": "Thurston County",
      "status": "rumored",
      "developer": "Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska",
      "capacity_mw": null,
      "latitude": 42.11167,
      "longitude": -96.71056,
      "location_precision": "county",
      "location_source": "County seat (Pender), Wikidata, placed at county level",
      "location_verified_at": "2026-09-16",
      "coordinate_source": "wikidata county seat",
      "location_last_verified": "2026-09-16",
      "site_address": null,
      "site_address_source_url": null,
      "published": "2026-09-05",
      "last_verified": "2026-09-17",
      "cooling_type": "not_disclosed",
      "cooling_type_source_url": null,
      "cooling_fluid": null,
      "cooling_fluid_source_url": null,
      "developer_source_url": null,
      "contractor": null,
      "contractor_source_url": null,
      "site_acres": null,
      "site_acres_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "site_acres_source_url": null,
      "power_source": null,
      "power_source_url": null,
      "interconnection_status": "not_disclosed",
      "interconnection_source_url": null,
      "water_measure": null,
      "state_permit_status": null,
      "state_permit_status_source_url": null,
      "state_permit_status_disclosed_as": "not_disclosed",
      "state_permit_status_as_of": null,
      "state_permit_status_last_verified": null,
      "buildings": null,
      "buildings_basis": null,
      "buildings_source_url": null,
      "buildings_verified_at": null,
      "record_url": "https://datacenterrecord.org/projects/winnebago-tribe-ai-data-center-ne",
      "source": "https://www.kwit.org/podcast/spm-news/2026-08-21/winnebago-tribe-of-nebraska-announces-opposition-to-data-centers-near-its-lands-citizens",
      "basis": "official_record",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska announces opposition to data centers near its lands & citizens - kwit.org",
          "url": "https://www.kwit.org/podcast/spm-news/2026-08-21/winnebago-tribe-of-nebraska-announces-opposition-to-data-centers-near-its-lands-citizens",
          "publisher": "kwit.org",
          "date": "2026-08-21",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "KTIC 840 AM/98.3 FM/98.7 FM - AI Data Center Teach-In Hosted by Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska - Rural Radio Network",
          "url": "https://ruralradio.com/ktic/news/ai-data-center-teach-in-hosted-by-winnebago-tribe-of-nebraska/",
          "publisher": "Rural Radio Network",
          "date": "2026-09-02",
          "source_tier": 4
        },
        {
          "title": "Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska announces opposition to data centers near its lands & citizens - kwit.org",
          "url": "https://www.kwit.org/podcast/spm-news/2026-08-21/winnebago-tribe-of-nebraska-announces-opposition-to-data-centers-near-its-lands-citizens",
          "publisher": "kwit.org",
          "date": "2026-08-21",
          "source_tier": 4
        }
      ],
      "use_types": [
        {
          "use_type": "not_disclosed",
          "share_percent": null,
          "source_url": null
        }
      ],
      "serves": {
        "tenants": [],
        "tenancy": "not_disclosed",
        "local_service_commitments": [],
        "source_url": null
      },
      "status_history": []
    }
  ],
  "grid_region": {
    "code": "mrow",
    "label": "MROW",
    "name": "MRO West",
    "kind": "dallas_fed_subregion",
    "parent_iso": "miso",
    "states": [
      "IA",
      "MN",
      "ND",
      "NE",
      "SD"
    ],
    "primary_states": [
      "IA",
      "MN",
      "ND",
      "NE",
      "SD"
    ],
    "price_effect_2025_mwh": 3.45,
    "price_effect_2025_pct": 12.1,
    "price_effect_2028_mwh": 4.59,
    "price_effect_2028_pct": 15.7,
    "own_dc_share_pct": 13.3,
    "fixed_cost_share": 0.656,
    "wholesale_price_effect_2025": "12.1 percent (+$3.45 per MWh, 2024 to 2025), modeled wholesale price effect, Dallas Fed WP 2606r1, third party estimate.",
    "wholesale_price_effect_2028": "15.7 percent (+$4.59 per MWh, 2028 projected), modeled wholesale price effect, Dallas Fed WP 2606r1, third party estimate.",
    "study_basis": "third party estimate",
    "study_source": "https://www.dallasfed.org/~/media/documents/research/papers/2026/wp2606r1.pdf",
    "study_date": "March 2026, revised October 2026"
  },
  "studies": [
    {
      "id": "dallas-fed-wp2606r1",
      "study": "Plante, Carrasco, Miranda Pineda and Patel, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas Working Paper 2606r1",
      "title": "Data Centers, Wholesale Electricity Prices, and Retail Rates",
      "publisher": "Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas",
      "document_date": "March 2026, revised October 2026",
      "last_verified": "October 28, 2026",
      "source_type": "study",
      "tier": 1,
      "basis": "third party estimate",
      "what_it_measured": "Wholesale electricity price effect and retail electricity rate pass through",
      "finding": "Data center demand accounts for an average 6.5 percent increase in wholesale electricity prices across 23 regional markets in 2024 and 2025, reaching 15.0 percent (+$5.22 per MWh) in SERC Virginia and Carolina North and 15.4 percent (+$5.68 per MWh) in the Northwest Power Pool, with wholesale changes passing into retail prices roughly in proportion to the wholesale share of the retail bill over 12 to 24 months.",
      "years_covered": "2019 to 2025 historical and 2026 to 2028 scenario projections",
      "method": "Synthetic supply stack model across 23 regional power markets combined with reduced form retail pass through regressions",
      "who_funded_or_published": "Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas (government research working paper; views are the authors')",
      "primary_url": "https://www.dallasfed.org/~/media/documents/research/papers/2026/wp2606r1.pdf",
      "corroborating_url": null,
      "corroborating_label": null,
      "notes": "Uses BloombergNEF data center tracker as a model input alongside EIA Form 860, Form 861M, Form 923 and Form 930.",
      "scope_regions": [
        "all"
      ],
      "scope_states": [
        "all"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "epri-watten-bistline-blanford-2026",
      "study": "Watten, Bistline and Blanford, Electric Power Research Institute (arXiv:2606.19777)",
      "title": "Retail Electricity Price Implications of Data Center Load Growth",
      "publisher": "Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)",
      "document_date": "June 2026",
      "last_verified": "October 28, 2026",
      "source_type": "study",
      "tier": 1,
      "basis": "third party estimate",
      "what_it_measured": "State level retail electricity rate change across all customer classes",
      "finding": "Where data centers pay standard industrial rates and improve grid utilization, state average retail rates could fall by roughly 1 percent nationally by 2030 (up to 4 percent in high growth states, or roughly $7 billion per year in fixed cost spreading); outcomes reverse toward higher residential bills if new generation and transmission upgrades outpace load revenues.",
      "years_covered": "2026 to 2030",
      "method": "Capacity expansion and utility revenue requirement model allocating fixed transmission and distribution costs across customer classes",
      "who_funded_or_published": "Electric Power Research Institute (nonprofit energy research institute funded primarily by member electric utilities)",
      "primary_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.19777",
      "corroborating_url": "https://fortune.com/2026/07/26/data-centers-electricity-costs-cheaper-7billion-buildout-ai-demand/",
      "corroborating_label": "Fortune, July 26, 2026",
      "notes": "Assumes data centers pay full tariff rates and operate at high load factors that spread existing fixed system costs.",
      "scope_regions": [
        "all"
      ],
      "scope_states": [
        "all"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "mit-ceepr-who-pays-2025",
      "study": "Meeks, Pless, Qi and Wang, MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research",
      "title": "Who Pays for Growth? Evidence from Datacenters and the Grid",
      "publisher": "MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research (CEEPR)",
      "document_date": "December 2025",
      "last_verified": "October 28, 2026",
      "source_type": "study",
      "tier": 1,
      "basis": "third party estimate",
      "what_it_measured": "Realized utility revenue and customer bill changes from historical data center openings",
      "finding": "In the 6 years following data center entry (1998 to 2018), average electric utility revenue rose 8 percent (+$104 million per utility per year), residential bills rose 2 percent (+$30 per household per year) and commercial bills rose 4 percent (+$262 per customer per year), driven by peak coincident demand charges and infrastructure capital additions.",
      "years_covered": "1998 to 2018",
      "method": "Difference in differences event study of historical data center openings matched to utility level EIA Form 861 billing and revenue panels",
      "who_funded_or_published": "MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research (university working paper)",
      "primary_url": "https://ceepr.mit.edu/workingpaper/who-pays-for-growth-evidence-from-datacenters-and-the-grid/",
      "corroborating_url": null,
      "corroborating_label": null,
      "notes": "Measures historical realized utility billing outcomes prior to the post 2023 hyperscale AI buildout.",
      "scope_regions": [
        "all"
      ],
      "scope_states": [
        "all"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "duke-ni-26-04",
      "study": "Norris, Profeta, Patino Echeverri and Cowie, Duke University Nicholas Institute (NI R 26-04)",
      "title": "Rethinking Load Growth: Assessing the Potential for Integration of Large Flexible Loads in US Power Systems",
      "publisher": "Nicholas Institute for Energy, Environment & Sustainability, Duke University",
      "document_date": "February 2026",
      "last_verified": "October 28, 2026",
      "source_type": "study",
      "tier": 1,
      "basis": "third party estimate",
      "what_it_measured": "Grid headroom and new gigawatts of large load accommodated under minimal peak hour curtailment",
      "finding": "Across 22 major US balancing authorities, roughly 76 GW of new data center load can be integrated without building new peaking capacity if facilities curtail load by 0.25 percent of annual operating hours (roughly 22 hours per year), expanding to 98 GW at 0.5 percent annual curtailment and 126 GW at 1.0 percent annual curtailment.",
      "years_covered": "2025 to 2035",
      "method": "Hourly balancing authority load duration and reserve margin modeling across 22 US power systems",
      "who_funded_or_published": "Duke University Nicholas Institute for Energy, Environment & Sustainability (university research institute)",
      "primary_url": "https://nicholasinstitute.duke.edu/publications/data-centers-and-generation-capacity-over-next-decade",
      "corroborating_url": "https://nicholasinstitute.duke.edu/articles/key-takeaways-data-center-flexibility-and-generation-capacity-over-next-decade",
      "corroborating_label": "Duke Nicholas Institute summary",
      "notes": "Evaluates operational curtailment during system peak hours rather than unconditional firm interconnection.",
      "scope_regions": [
        "all"
      ],
      "scope_states": [
        "all"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "ncsu-erl-2026",
      "study": "Jeremiah Johnson et al., North Carolina State University (Environmental Research Letters)",
      "title": "Power System Costs and Emissions from Data Center and Cryptocurrency Mining Expansion in the United States",
      "publisher": "Environmental Research Letters (IOP Publishing) / North Carolina State University",
      "document_date": "May 2026",
      "last_verified": "October 28, 2026",
      "source_type": "study",
      "tier": 1,
      "basis": "third party estimate",
      "what_it_measured": "Wholesale electricity prices, residential bills by state and power sector carbon emissions through 2030",
      "finding": "Projected data center and crypto load growth raises US electricity demand 6 to 12 percent by 2030 and increases residential electricity bills up to 57 percent in the most heavily affected states (including Virginia at roughly $32 per month or $384 per year for an average household) while adding 49 to 125 million metric tons of CO2 per year.",
      "years_covered": "2024 to 2030",
      "method": "National capacity expansion and unit commitment dispatch model (TEMOA) across US grid regions",
      "who_funded_or_published": "North Carolina State University researchers in Environmental Research Letters (peer reviewed journal)",
      "primary_url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae6c3d",
      "corroborating_url": "https://news.ncsu.edu/2026/05/data-centers-power-bills/",
      "corroborating_label": "NC State University News, May 2026",
      "notes": "Models combined data center and cryptocurrency mining load growth across regional interconnects.",
      "scope_regions": [
        "all"
      ],
      "scope_states": [
        "all"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "e3-rising-electricity-rates-2026",
      "study": "Energy and Environmental Economics (E3), Understanding the Drivers of Rising Electricity Rates and the Role of Data Centers",
      "title": "Understanding the Drivers of Rising Electricity Rates and the Role of Data Centers",
      "publisher": "Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc. (E3)",
      "document_date": "May 2026",
      "last_verified": "October 28, 2026",
      "source_type": "study",
      "tier": 2,
      "basis": "third party estimate",
      "what_it_measured": "Historical drivers of US retail electricity rate increases and utility rate design for large loads",
      "finding": "Historical US retail electricity rate increases from 2020 to 2025 were driven primarily by distribution capital spending, wildfire mitigation, natural gas price spikes and inflation rather than data centers, and well designed large load tariffs can keep new data center additions net neutral or beneficial for existing ratepayers.",
      "years_covered": "2020 to 2025 historical and forward rate design case studies",
      "method": "Decomposition of historical utility revenue requirements and illustrative utility tariff cost of service modeling",
      "who_funded_or_published": "Energy and Environmental Economics (E3), industry commissioned consulting report",
      "primary_url": "https://www.ethree.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Understanding-the-Drivers-of-Rising-Electricity-Rates-and-the-Role-of-Data-Centers_E3-2026.pdf",
      "corroborating_url": null,
      "corroborating_label": null,
      "notes": "Industry commissioned study evaluating historical rate drivers prior to the 2025/2026 PJM capacity delivery year.",
      "scope_regions": [
        "all"
      ],
      "scope_states": [
        "all"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "nber-wp35100-muller-2026",
      "study": "Nicholas Z. Muller, National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 35100",
      "title": "The Environmental Externalities of the Data Center Boom",
      "publisher": "National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)",
      "document_date": "April 2026",
      "last_verified": "October 28, 2026",
      "source_type": "study",
      "tier": 1,
      "basis": "third party estimate",
      "what_it_measured": "Monetized air pollution and greenhouse gas health and climate damages per megawatt hour of data center electricity use",
      "finding": "Marginal air pollution and greenhouse gas damages from fossil fuel generation serving US data centers average $49 to $94 per MWh ($0.049 to $0.094 per kWh), rivaling or exceeding the direct wholesale price of electricity in coal and gas heavy interconnects such as PJM, MISO and SERC.",
      "years_covered": "2022 to 2025",
      "method": "Integrated assessment marginal emissions and air quality transport model (AP4T) coupled with EPA CEMS unit level generation data",
      "who_funded_or_published": "National Bureau of Economic Research (university working paper by Nicholas Z. Muller, Carnegie Mellon University)",
      "primary_url": "https://www.nber.org/papers/w35100",
      "corroborating_url": "https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en/news-research/latest-news/electric-power/091626-air-pollution-from-data-center-power-projects-is-a-rising-concern-amid-build-out",
      "corroborating_label": "S&P Global Commodity Insights, September 16, 2026",
      "notes": "Quantifies unpriced health and climate damages from marginal fossil generation dispatched to meet data center load.",
      "scope_regions": [
        "all"
      ],
      "scope_states": [
        "all"
      ]
    }
  ]
}
